在过敏性休克大鼠模型中，美普他酚与喷他佐辛、吗啡及纳洛酮的效果比较。
The effects of meptazinol in comparison with pentazocine, morphine and naloxone in a rat model of anaphylactic shock.
作者信息
Paciorek P M, Todd M H, Waterfall J F
出版信息
Br J Pharmacol. 1985 Feb;84(2):469-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb12931.x.
The actions of meptazinol, pentazocine, morphine and naloxone on the cardiovascular changes accompanying anaphylactic shock were evaluated in ovalbumin-sensitized anaesthetized rats. Pretreatment with meptazinol and pentazocine prevented the fall in mean arterial pressure associated with antigen challenge, whereas morphine and naloxone attenuated but did not completely prevent, this change. None of the drugs significantly altered the antigen-induced decreases in heart rate. All the drugs partially reversed the fall in mean arterial pressure when given after antigen challenge although the activity of naloxone was less marked. Pretreatment with reserpine prevented the restoration of blood pressure by all drugs. Additional experiments with meptazinol showed that pretreatment with phentolamine prevented its pressor action. In pithed non-sensitized rats the frequency-pressor response curve to splanchnic stimulation was shifted to the left by meptazinol and shifted to the right by pentazocine, but the changes were small Morphine and naloxone had no significant effects. It was concluded that opioid mixed agonist-antagonists reverse the cardiovascular changes associated with anaphylactic shock. These effects appear to be mediated by facilitation of sympathetic neurotransmission.
在卵清蛋白致敏的麻醉大鼠中评估了美普他酚、喷他佐辛、吗啡和纳洛酮对过敏性休克伴发的心血管变化的作用。用美普他酚和喷他佐辛预处理可预防与抗原激发相关的平均动脉压下降，而吗啡和纳洛酮可减轻但不能完全预防这种变化。所有药物均未显著改变抗原诱导的心率下降。抗原激发后给予所有药物，均可部分逆转平均动脉压的下降，尽管纳洛酮的活性不太明显。利血平预处理可阻止所有药物使血压恢复。美普他酚的额外实验表明，酚妥拉明预处理可阻止其升压作用。在去脑非致敏大鼠中，美普他酚使对内脏刺激的频率-升压反应曲线左移，喷他佐辛使其右移，但变化较小。吗啡和纳洛酮无显著影响。得出的结论是，阿片类混合激动剂-拮抗剂可逆转与过敏性休克相关的心血管变化。这些作用似乎是通过促进交感神经传递介导的。
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