癌症治疗后回归正轨：一项关于癌症幸存者经历的定性访谈研究
Getting back on track after treatment of cancer: A qualitative interview study of cancer survivors' experiences.
作者信息
Smissen Doris van der, Lugtenberg Marjolein, Enting Manon, Beerepoot Laurens, Mols Floortje, Brouwers Evelien, Wasowicz Dareczka, Joosen Margot
机构信息
Tranzo, Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 9;20(1):e0313984. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313984. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
An increasing number of people resumes life after cancer treatment. Although the (long-term) side-effects of cancer and its treatment can be significant, less is known about the impact on cancer survivors' participation in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore the common experiences of cancer survivors in resuming life after treatment.
METHODS
A semi-structured interview study was conducted among 22 cancer survivors having a favorable prognosis after treatment. Purposive sampling was used to select a variable sample in terms of diagnoses (e.g. breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma), age (18-77 years), and time after diagnosis (0-7 years). Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed in a thorough thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Four main themes were identified. First, cancer survivors reported an emotional fallout episode to often follow treatment, which was characterized by a loss of direction and control due to discontinuation of medical care, decreased support from healthcare professionals and their social network, and an emotional set back. Second, survivors experienced challenges with getting back on track such as the impact of impaired physical and cognitive functions, and challenges and uncertainty related to work and finances. Third, in coping with changes and regaining trust they tried to find a balance between dealing with patient stigma and fear of recurrence on the one hand, and maintaining a positive mindset on the other hand. Fourth, the disease often led to re-evaluating values in life, health and work, which included realizing and accepting change and having a more conscious outlook on life.
CONCLUSION
In resuming life after treatment, cancer survivors experience several challenges and changes in values in different life domains that extend beyond the specific diagnosis. To improve supportive care, healthcare professionals should focus on the (changed) individual needs and values of survivors in the domains considered relevant to them.
目的
越来越多的人在癌症治疗后恢复正常生活。尽管癌症及其治疗的（长期）副作用可能很严重，但对于其对癌症幸存者日常生活参与度的影响却知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨癌症幸存者在治疗后恢复生活的共同经历。
方法
对22名治疗后预后良好的癌症幸存者进行了一项半结构式访谈研究。采用目的抽样法，根据诊断（如乳腺癌、结直肠癌、黑色素瘤）、年龄（18 - 77岁）和诊断后的时间（0 - 7年）选择了一个多样化的样本。访谈进行了录音，逐字转录，并进行了深入的主题分析。
结果
确定了四个主要主题。首先，癌症幸存者报告说，治疗后经常会出现情绪波动期，其特征是由于医疗护理的中断、医疗保健专业人员及其社交网络的支持减少以及情绪挫折而导致方向感和控制感丧失。其次，幸存者在恢复正常生活方面面临挑战，如身体和认知功能受损的影响，以及与工作和财务相关的挑战和不确定性。第三，在应对变化和重新获得信任方面，他们试图在一方面应对患者耻辱感和对复发的恐惧，另一方面保持积极心态之间找到平衡。第四，疾病常常导致对生活、健康和工作中的价值观进行重新评估，这包括认识并接受变化，以及对生活有更清醒的看法。
结论
在治疗后恢复生活的过程中，癌症幸存者在不同生活领域经历了几个挑战和价值观的变化，这些变化超出了具体的诊断范围。为了改善支持性护理，医疗保健专业人员应关注幸存者在与其相关的领域中（已改变的）个人需求和价值观。
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