Liang Jing, Tian Jundan, Zhang Huadong, Li Hua, Chen Lixia
Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
College of Pharmacy, Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Med Res Rev. 2025 Jul;45(4):1021-1044. doi: 10.1002/med.22098. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
Proteins hold pivotal importance since many diseases manifest changes in protein activity. Proteomics techniques provide a comprehensive exploration of protein structure, abundance, and function in biological samples, enabling the holistic characterization of overall changes in organisms. Nowadays, the breadth of emerging methodologies in proteomics is unprecedentedly vast, with constant optimization of technologies in sample processing, data collection, data analysis, and its scope of application is steadily transitioning from the bench to the clinic. Here, we offer an insightful review of the technical developments in proteomics and its applications in biomedicine over the past 5 years. We focus on its profound contributions in profiling disease spectra, discovering new biomarkers, identifying promising drug targets, deciphering alterations in protein conformation, and unearthing protein-protein interactions. Moreover, we summarize the cutting-edge technologies and potential breakthroughs in the proteomics pipeline and provide the principal challenges in proteomics. Based on these, we aspire to broaden the applicability of proteomics and inspire researchers to enhance our understanding of complex biological systems by utilizing such techniques.
蛋白质至关重要，因为许多疾病都表现出蛋白质活性的变化。蛋白质组学技术全面探索生物样品中的蛋白质结构、丰度和功能，能够对生物体的整体变化进行全面表征。如今，蛋白质组学中新兴方法的广度空前广阔，样品处理、数据收集、数据分析等技术不断优化，其应用范围也在稳步从实验室转向临床。在此，我们对过去5年蛋白质组学的技术发展及其在生物医学中的应用进行了深入综述。我们重点关注其在描绘疾病谱、发现新生物标志物、识别有前景的药物靶点、解读蛋白质构象变化以及揭示蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用方面的重大贡献。此外，我们总结了蛋白质组学流程中的前沿技术和潜在突破，并阐述了蛋白质组学面临的主要挑战。基于此，我们希望拓宽蛋白质组学的适用性，并激励研究人员利用这些技术加深对复杂生物系统的理解。
