McGuire Sarayna S, Clements Casey M, Gerberi Dana J, Murad M Hassan
Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2024 Dec 14;9(1):100587. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2024.11.004. eCollection 2025 Feb.
This study aimed to systematicically evaluate and quantify the prevalence of weapons in the health care setting. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and EBSCO MegaFILE was performed from inception to January 12, 2024. The primary outcome was the prevalence of weapons in the health care setting on patients and/or visitors. Prevalence was pooled across studies and estimated using a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were done based on types of weapons, characteristics of weapon carriers, weapons screening/detection technology, and screened population characteristics. A total of 14 observational studies were included. All studies were from the United States and were published between 1984 and 2023. Weapons prevalence ranged from 0.4% to 26.3% among populations screened in the included studies. The overall pooled weapons prevalence was 4.0% (95% CI, 2.0%-7.8%). Most weapons were bladed (3.8%; 95% CI, 1.5%-8.9%), followed by other weapons (0.6%; 95% CI, 0.3%-1.3%), and firearms (0.1%; 95% CI, 0.02%-0.5%; <.01). Weapons prevalence was 2.0% (95% CI, 0.7%-5.8%) among individuals entering the hospital setting, compared with 1.6% (95% CI, 0.7%-3.4%) of individuals entering the emergency department and highest (24.3%; 95% CI, 21.6%-27.2%) when major trauma patients were hand-searched. Prevalence was higher in males than that in females (11.1% vs 3.1%; =.01). Weapons should be expected on individuals presenting to hospitals in the United States; however, prevalence varied widely based on the setting, type of patients, and detection method.
本研究旨在系统评估和量化医疗环境中武器的流行情况。对MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science、CINAHL和EBSCO MegaFILE进行了从数据库建立到2024年1月12日的系统检索。主要结果是医疗环境中患者和/或访客携带武器的流行情况。对各研究的流行率进行汇总，并使用随机效应模型进行估计。根据武器类型、武器携带者特征、武器筛查/检测技术以及筛查人群特征进行亚组分析。共纳入14项观察性研究。所有研究均来自美国，发表时间为1984年至2023年。在所纳入研究中接受筛查的人群中，武器流行率在0.4%至26.3%之间。总体汇总武器流行率为4.0%（95%置信区间，2.0%-7.8%）。大多数武器为带刃武器（3.8%；95%置信区间，1.5%-8.9%），其次是其他武器（0.6%；95%置信区间，0.3%-1.3%），枪支最少（0.1%；95%置信区间，0.02%-0.5%；P<.01）。进入医院的人群中武器流行率为2.0%（95%置信区间，0.7%-5.8%），而进入急诊科的人群中为1.6%（95%置信区间，0.7%-3.4%），对手部受伤患者进行人工搜查时流行率最高（24.3%；95%置信区间，21.6%-27.2%）。男性的流行率高于女性（11.1%对3.1%；P=.01）。在美国，前往医院的人员携带武器的情况是可以预期的；然而，流行率因环境、患者类型和检测方法的不同而有很大差异。
