Anastácio Zélia Caçador, Fernandes Sara Cerejeira, Alves Regina Ferreira, Antão Celeste Meirinho, Carvalho Paula Oliveira, Benevides Ferreira Silvana Margarida, Condessa Maria Isabel Cabrita
CIEC-Research Centre on Child Studies, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Unidade Local de Saúde Entre Douro e Vouga, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Dec 24;13(1):2. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13010002.
In a period globally known as long COVID, several post-acute infection sequelae and vaccination effects have been discussed.
This study aimed to identify the effects of COVID-19 infection and vaccines on the menstrual cycle of adolescents attending higher education and to verify the association between personal health factors and changes in their menstrual cycle after contact with the virus SARS-CoV-2 via infection or via the vaccine.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire for data collection, applied online to Portuguese higher education adolescents aged between 18 and 24. The sample included 401 individuals. The statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS.
More than half of the sample had a COVID-19 infection only once and took two doses of the vaccine. The mRNA Comirnaty 30 µg BioNTech vaccine was administered to 73.1%. The most common menstrual changes were an increase in blood clots, the blood becoming darker, shorter menstrual cycles, scarcer blood flow, and more irregular cycles. Menstrual changes correlated significantly with vaccination but not with infection.
This study showed a lower percentage of women affected than other studies carried out closer to the pandemic period, which could mean that the effects are diminishing over time. Thus, adolescents' menstrual health should be monitored.
在一个全球称为长期新冠的时期，人们讨论了几种急性感染后遗症和疫苗接种效果。
本研究旨在确定新冠病毒感染和疫苗对接受高等教育的青少年月经周期的影响，并验证个人健康因素与他们通过感染或疫苗接触严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）后月经周期变化之间的关联。
采用问卷调查进行横断面研究以收集数据，问卷在线应用于年龄在18至24岁的葡萄牙高等教育青少年。样本包括401名个体。使用SPSS进行数据的统计分析。
超过一半的样本仅感染过一次新冠病毒且接种了两剂疫苗。73.1%的人接种了30微克辉瑞生物科技公司的mRNA疫苗Comirnaty。最常见的月经变化是血块增多、经血颜色变深、月经周期缩短、血流量减少以及周期更不规律。月经变化与疫苗接种显著相关，但与感染无关。
本研究显示受影响女性的比例低于在大流行时期附近进行的其他研究，这可能意味着随着时间推移影响在减弱。因此，应监测青少年的月经健康。
