Greygoose Emily, Metharom Pat, Kula Hakan, Seckin Timur K, Seckin Tamer A, Ayhan Ayse, Yu Yu
Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
Cells. 2025 Jan 6;14(1):58. doi: 10.3390/cells14010058.
Endometriosis is a gynecologic condition characterized by the growth of endometrium-like stroma and glandular elements outside of the uterine cavity. The involvement of hormonal dysregulation, specifically estrogen, is well established in the initiation, progression, and maintenance of the condition. Evidence also highlights the association between endometriosis and altered immune states. The human endometrium is a highly dynamic tissue that undergoes frequent remodeling in response to hormonal regulation during the menstrual cycle. Similarly, endometriosis shares this propensity, compounded by unclear pathogenic mechanisms, presenting unique challenges in defining its etiology and pathology. Here, we provide a lens to understand the interplay between estrogen and innate and adaptive immune systems throughout the menstrual cycle in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Estrogen is closely linked to many altered inflammatory and immunomodulatory states, affecting both tissue-resident and circulatory immune cells. This review summarizes estrogenic interactions with specific myeloid and lymphoid cells, highlighting their implications in the progression of endometriosis.
子宫内膜异位症是一种妇科疾病，其特征是子宫腔外出现类似子宫内膜的间质和腺性成分。激素失调，尤其是雌激素，在该疾病的发生、发展和维持过程中所起的作用已得到充分证实。有证据还凸显了子宫内膜异位症与免疫状态改变之间的关联。人类子宫内膜是一种高度动态的组织，在月经周期中会频繁地根据激素调节进行重塑。同样，子宫内膜异位症也有这种倾向，再加上致病机制不明，这在确定其病因和病理方面带来了独特的挑战。在此，我们提供一个视角，以了解在子宫内膜异位症发病机制中，雌激素与天然免疫和适应性免疫系统在整个月经周期中的相互作用。雌激素与许多改变的炎症和免疫调节状态密切相关，影响组织驻留免疫细胞和循环免疫细胞。这篇综述总结了雌激素与特定髓系和淋巴细胞的相互作用，强调了它们在子宫内膜异位症进展中的意义。
