Hou Shicong, Han Li, Zhang Shi, Zhang Libo, Zhang Kaixuan, Xiao Kening, Yang Yao, Zhang Yunduo, Wen Yuanfeng, Mo Wenqi, Tan Yiran, Yao Yifan, He Jiale, Tang Weiwei, Guo Xuguang, Zhu Yiming, Chen Xiaoshuang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Systems, Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute, and Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1, Sub-Lane Xiangshan, Xihu District, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Mar;12(9):e2415518. doi: 10.1002/advs.202415518. Epub 2025 Jan 10.
The integration of mid-infrared (MIR) photodetectors with built-in encryption capabilities holds immense promise for advancing secure communications in decentralized networks and compact sensing systems. However, achieving high sensitivity, self-powered operation, and reliable performance at room temperature within a miniaturized form factor remains a formidable challenge, largely due to constraints in MIR light absorption and the intricacies of embedding encryption at the device level. Here, a novel on-chip metamaterial-enhanced, 2D tantalum nickel selenide (Ta₂NiSe₅)-based photodetector, meticulously designed with a custom-engineered plasmonic resonance microstructure to achieve self-powered photodetection in the nanoampere range is unveiled. Gold cross-shaped resonators are demonstrated that generate plasmon-induced ultrahot electrons, significantly enhancing the absorption of MIR photons with energies far below the bandgap and boosting electron thermalization in Ta₂NiSe₅, yielding a 0.1 V bias responsivity of 47 mA/W-an order of magnitude higher than previously reported values. Furthermore, the implementation of six reconfigurable optoelectronic logic computing ("AND", "OR", "NAND", "NOR", "XOR", and "XNOR") are illustrated via tailored optical and electrical input-output configurations, thereby establishing a platform for real-time infrared-encrypted communication. This work pioneers a new direction in secure MIR communications, advancing the development of high-performance, encryption-capable photonic systems.
集成有内置加密功能的中红外（MIR）光电探测器，在推动分散网络和紧凑型传感系统中的安全通信方面具有巨大潜力。然而，要在小型化外形尺寸内实现室温下的高灵敏度、自供电运行和可靠性能，仍然是一项艰巨的挑战，这主要归因于MIR光吸收方面的限制以及在器件层面嵌入加密技术的复杂性。在此，一种新型的片上超材料增强型、基于二维钽镍硒化物（Ta₂NiSe₅）的光电探测器被展示出来，它经过精心设计，具有定制的等离子体共振微结构，可实现纳安级的自供电光电探测。实验证明，金十字形谐振器能产生等离子体诱导的超热电子，显著增强能量远低于带隙的MIR光子的吸收，并促进Ta₂NiSe₅中的电子热化，产生47 mA/W的0.1 V偏置响应度——比先前报道的值高一个数量级。此外，通过定制的光输入输出和电输入输出配置，展示了六种可重构光电子逻辑计算（“与”、“或”、“与非”、“或非”、“异或”和“同或”）的实现，从而建立了一个实时红外加密通信平台。这项工作开创了安全MIR通信的新方向，推动了高性能、具备加密能力的光子系统的发展。
