Gelu Gezimu, Komai Katsuaki, Dane Chanako, Ayza Alemnesh, Ayele Tuma
Laboratory of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Kitami Institute of Technology, 165 Koencho, Kitami, 090-0015, Japan.
Natural Resources Management, Irrigation, and Salinity Program, Arba Minch Agricultural Research Center, PO.BOX, 2228, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2025 Jan 10;197(2):159. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-13576-0.
This study investigated the distribution of salinity and sodicity in the irrigated areas of Abaya Chamo. Representative water and soil samples were collected from different soil depths (0-30 cm and 30-60 cm). Sodium absorption ratio (SAR), electrical conductivity (Ec), pH, exchange sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium cations, and exchange sodium percentage (ESP) of the sampled sites were analyzed for soil salinity classification and severity analysis. The spatial analysis revealed predominant strongly saline (72%) and sodic (71.1%) conditions in the surface layer (0-30 cm), intensifying very strongly saline (78.7%) and sodic (71.9%) conditions at 30-60 cm depth. Combined saline-sodic conditions dominated both layers, increasing from 91.2% at the surface to 97.1% in the deeper layer, indicating severe agricultural limitations. The results show that soil in the catchments of Lakes Abaya and Chamo suffer from different salinity and sodium content classes. Therefore, appropriate remedial measures based on soil salinity and sodium content should be developed to achieve better reclamation, agricultural production, and land sustainability.
本研究调查了阿巴亚查莫灌区的盐分和碱度分布情况。从不同土壤深度（0 - 30厘米和30 - 60厘米）采集了具有代表性的水样和土样。对采样点的钠吸附比（SAR）、电导率（Ec）、pH值、交换性钠、镁、钙和钾阳离子以及交换性钠百分比（ESP）进行了分析，以进行土壤盐度分类和严重性分析。空间分析显示，表层（0 - 30厘米）主要为强盐渍化（72%）和碱化（71.1%）状况，在30 - 60厘米深度处，极强盐渍化（78.7%）和碱化（71.9%）状况加剧。复合盐渍化 - 碱化状况在两层中均占主导，从表层的91.2%增加到深层的97.1%，表明存在严重的农业限制。结果表明，阿巴亚湖和查莫湖集水区的土壤存在不同的盐度和钠含量等级。因此，应根据土壤盐度和钠含量制定适当的补救措施，以实现更好的开垦、农业生产和土地可持续性。
