Xu Zuyuan, Fan Fei, Lin Qinmin, Guo Shengzhou, Li Shumao, Zhang Yunpeng, Feng Zhiyi, Wang Xingxing, Rensing Christopher, Cao Guangqiu, Wu Linkun, Cao Shijiang
College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
College of Jun Cao Science and Ecology (College of Carbon Neutrality), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 1;14(1):98. doi: 10.3390/plants14010098.
As sustainable forest management gains increasing attention, comprehending the impact of stand density on soil properties and microbial communities is crucial for optimizing forest ecosystem functions. This study employed high-throughput sequencing in conjunction with soil physicochemical analysis to assess the effects of stand density on soil physicochemical properties and microbial community characteristics in Chinese fir plantations, aiming to elucidate the influence of density regulation on ecosystem services. Our results suggested that changes in soil physicochemical properties and microenvironmental conditions were key drivers of soil microbial diversity. Total carbon (TC), soluble nitrogen (SN), and light fraction organic matter decreased with increasing stand density, while total potassium (TK) and available phosphorus (AP) concentrations increased. The plot with a density of 900 trees ha exhibited the highest bacterial diversity, in contrast to the plot with 1500 trees ha, which showed the lowest. The dominant microbial taxa were similar across different stand retention densities, with , , and being the predominant bacterial phyla and and being the main fungal groups. Significant positive correlations were observed between soil microbial community structures and environmental factors, particularly with respect to soil phosphorus and nitrogen content. The present study demonstrated that reduced stand densities modulated soil nutrient content and enhanced bacterial diversity, thereby contributing to a more complex and stable soil ecosystem structure. These insights provide a scientific foundation for optimizing the management of Chinese fir plantations, thereby supporting the sustainable development of forest ecosystems.
随着可持续森林管理日益受到关注，了解林分密度对土壤性质和微生物群落的影响对于优化森林生态系统功能至关重要。本研究采用高通量测序结合土壤理化分析，评估林分密度对杉木人工林土壤理化性质和微生物群落特征的影响，旨在阐明密度调控对生态系统服务的影响。我们的结果表明，土壤理化性质和微环境条件的变化是土壤微生物多样性的关键驱动因素。总碳（TC）、可溶性氮（SN）和轻组有机质随林分密度增加而降低，而总钾（TK）和有效磷（AP）浓度增加。密度为900株/公顷的样地细菌多样性最高，而密度为1500株/公顷的样地细菌多样性最低。不同林分保留密度下的优势微生物类群相似，其中 、 和 是主要的细菌门， 和 是主要的真菌类群。土壤微生物群落结构与环境因素之间存在显著正相关，特别是与土壤磷和氮含量有关。本研究表明，降低林分密度可调节土壤养分含量并增强细菌多样性，从而有助于形成更复杂、稳定的土壤生态系统结构。这些见解为优化杉木人工林管理提供了科学依据，从而支持森林生态系统的可持续发展。
