Cao Xuerui, Dong Qing, Mao Lihui, Yang Xiaoe, Wang Xiaozi, Zou Qingcheng
Zhejiang Institute of Landscape Plants and Flowers, Hangzhou 311251, China.
Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 3;14(1):115. doi: 10.3390/plants14010115.
Heavy metal pollution in soil is a significant challenge around the world, particularly cadmium (Cd) contamination. In situ phytoextraction and remediation technology, particularly focusing on Cd hyperaccumulator plants, has proven to be an effective method for cleaning Cd-contaminated agricultural lands. However, this strategy is often hindered by a long remediation cycle and low efficiency. To address these limitations, assisted phytoextraction has been proposed as a remediation strategy based on the modification of certain traits of plants or the use of different materials to enhance plant growth and increase metal absorption or bioavailability, ultimately aiming to improve the remediation efficiency of Cd hyperaccumulators. To thoroughly understand the progress of Cd hyperaccumulators in remediating Cd-polluted soils, this review article discusses the germplasm resources and assisted phytoextraction strategies for these plants, including microbial, agronomic measure, chelate, nanotechnology, and CO-assisted phytoextraction, as well as integrated approaches. This review paper critically evaluates and analyzes the numerous approaches and the remediation potential of Cd hyperaccumulators and highlights current challenges and future research directions in this field. The goal is to provide a theoretical framework for the further development and application of Cd pollution remediation technologies in agricultural soils.
土壤中的重金属污染是全球面临的一项重大挑战，尤其是镉（Cd）污染。原位植物提取与修复技术，特别是聚焦于镉超积累植物，已被证明是清洁镉污染农田的有效方法。然而，这一策略常常受到修复周期长和效率低的阻碍。为解决这些限制，辅助植物提取已被提出作为一种修复策略，其基于对植物某些性状的改良或使用不同材料来促进植物生长并增加金属吸收或生物有效性，最终目的是提高镉超积累植物的修复效率。为全面了解镉超积累植物在修复镉污染土壤方面的进展，这篇综述文章讨论了这些植物的种质资源和辅助植物提取策略，包括微生物、农艺措施、螯合剂、纳米技术以及CO辅助植物提取，还有综合方法。这篇综述论文批判性地评估和分析了众多方法以及镉超积累植物的修复潜力，并突出了该领域当前的挑战和未来的研究方向。目标是为农业土壤中镉污染修复技术的进一步发展和应用提供一个理论框架。
