Duchek Michal, Nachazelova Daniela, Koukolikova Martina, Brazda Michal, Ludvik Pavel, Strejcius Josef, Novy Zbysek
COMTES FHT a.s., Prumyslova 995, 334 41 Dobrany, Czech Republic.
Centrum Vyzkumu Rez s.r.o., Hlavni 130, 250 68 Husinec, Czech Republic.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 26;18(1):42. doi: 10.3390/ma18010042.
One of the concepts behind Generation IV reactors is a molten salt coolant system, where the materials for the reactor itself and for the primary and secondary circuit components are subjected to extreme chemical and thermal stresses. Due to the unavailability of these materials, a nickel-molybdenum alloy known as MoNiCr has been developed in the Czech Republic. This paper discusses the manufacturing process for the MoNiCr alloy, covering conventional casting technology, forming, powder atomization, additive manufacturing (AM) using the directed energy deposition (DED-LB) process, and final heat treatment. Special attention was given to the quality of the input powders for additive manufacturing, particularly regarding the optimization of the chemical composition, which significantly influenced the quality of the additively manufactured components. AM enables the realization of complex structural designs that are critical for energy applications, despite the high susceptibility of the MoNiCr alloy to solidification cracking. Through AM, a test body was successfully produced with a maximum defect rate of 0.03% and the following mechanical properties: a yield strength (YS) of 279 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 602 MPa, and an elongation (El) of 51%.
第四代反应堆背后的概念之一是熔盐冷却剂系统，在该系统中，反应堆本身以及一回路和二回路部件的材料会承受极端的化学和热应力。由于这些材料难以获取，捷克共和国研发了一种名为MoNiCr的镍钼合金。本文讨论了MoNiCr合金的制造工艺，涵盖传统铸造技术、成型、粉末雾化、使用定向能量沉积（DED-LB）工艺的增材制造（AM）以及最终热处理。特别关注了增材制造所用输入粉末的质量，尤其是化学成分的优化，这对增材制造部件的质量有显著影响。尽管MoNiCr合金极易产生凝固裂纹，但增材制造能够实现对能源应用至关重要的复杂结构设计。通过增材制造，成功制造出了一个测试体，其最大缺陷率为0.03%，并具有以下力学性能：屈服强度（YS）为279MPa，抗拉强度（UTS）为602MPa，伸长率（El）为51%。
