Hou Xuwen, Liu Liyao, Li Yu, Wang Pengfei, Pan Xiaoqian, Xu Dan, Lai Daowan, Zhou Ligang
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 24;26(1):25. doi: 10.3390/ijms26010025.
The histone acetylation modification is a conservative post-translational epigenetic regulation in fungi. It includes acetylation and deacetylation at the lysine residues of histone, which are catalyzed by histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and deacetylase (HDAC), respectively. The histone acetylation modification plays crucial roles in fungal growth and development, environmental stress response, secondary metabolite (SM) biosynthesis, and pathogenicity. One of the most important roles is to regulate the gene expression that is responsible for SM biosynthesis in fungi. This mini-review summarized the regulation of histone acetylation modification by HATs and HDACs on the biosynthesis of SMs in fungi. In most cases, histone acetylation by HATs positively regulated the biosynthesis of fungal SMs, while HDACs had their negative regulations. Some HATs and HDACs were revealed to regulate fungal SM biosynthesis. Hda1 was found to be the most efficient regulator to affect the biosynthesis of SMs in fungi. The regulated fungal species were mainly from the genera of , , , , , , and . With the strategy of histone acetylation modification, the biosynthesis of some harmful SMs will be inhibited, while the production of useful bioactive SMs will be promoted in fungi. The subsequent research should focus on the study of regulatory mechanisms.
组蛋白乙酰化修饰是真菌中一种保守的翻译后表观遗传调控。它包括组蛋白赖氨酸残基的乙酰化和去乙酰化，分别由组蛋白乙酰转移酶（HAT）和去乙酰化酶（HDAC）催化。组蛋白乙酰化修饰在真菌的生长发育、环境应激反应、次级代谢产物（SM）生物合成和致病性中起关键作用。其中最重要的作用之一是调节负责真菌中SM生物合成的基因表达。这篇综述总结了HATs和HDACs对真菌中SM生物合成的组蛋白乙酰化修饰调控。在大多数情况下，HATs介导的组蛋白乙酰化正向调控真菌SM的生物合成，而HDACs则具有负向调控作用。一些HATs和HDACs被揭示可调控真菌SM生物合成。发现Hda1是影响真菌中SM生物合成的最有效调节因子。受调控的真菌物种主要来自 、 、 、 、 、 和 属。通过组蛋白乙酰化修饰策略，真菌中一些有害SM的生物合成将受到抑制，而有用生物活性SM的产生将得到促进。后续研究应集中在调控机制的研究上。
