Czerwińska-Ledwig Olga, Nowak-Zaleska Alicja, Żychowska Małgorzata, Meyza Katarzyna, Pałka Tomasz, Dzidek Adrianna, Szlachetka Agata, Jurczyszyn Artur, Piotrowska Anna
Institute for Basic Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Biological Foundations of Physical Culture, Kazimierz Wielki University, 85-091 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 27;17(1):61. doi: 10.3390/nu17010061.
The physical activity of different groups of individuals results in the rearrangement of microbiota composition toward a symbiotic microbiota profile. This applies to both healthy and diseased individuals. Multiple myeloma (MM), one of the more common hematological malignancies, predominantly affects older adults. Identifying an appropriate form of physical activity for this patient group remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a 6-week Nordic walking (NW) training program combined with a 10/14 time-restricted eating regimen on the gut microbiota composition of multiple myeloma patients.
This study included healthy individuals as the control group (n = 16; mean age: 62.19 ± 5.4) and patients with multiple myeloma in remission (MM group; n = 16; mean age: 65.00 ± 5.13; mean disease duration: 57 months). The training intervention was applied to the patient group and consisted of three moderate-intensity sessions per week, individually tailored to the estimated physical capacity of each participant. The taxonomic composition was determined via 16S rRNA sequencing (V3-V9 regions). The microbiota composition was compared between the patient group and the control group.
The alpha and beta diversity metrics for species and genus levels differed significantly between the control and patient groups before the implementation of the NW program. In contrast, no differences were observed between the control and patient groups after the training cycle, indicating that the patients' microbiota changed toward the pattern of the control group. This is confirmed by the lowest values of average dissimilarity between the MMB groups and the control at all taxonomic levels, as well as the highest one between the control group and the MMA patient group. The gut microbiota of the patients was predominantly represented by the phyla , , , , and .
The training, combined with time-restricted eating, stimulated an increase in the biodiversity and taxonomic rearrangement of the gut microbiota species.
不同人群的身体活动会使微生物群组成重新排列，趋向共生微生物群特征。这适用于健康个体和患病个体。多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是较常见的血液系统恶性肿瘤之一，主要影响老年人。为该患者群体确定合适的身体活动形式仍然是一项挑战。本研究的目的是调查为期6周的北欧式健走（NW）训练计划与10/14限时饮食方案相结合对多发性骨髓瘤患者肠道微生物群组成的影响。
本研究纳入健康个体作为对照组（n = 16；平均年龄：62.19 ± 5.4）和缓解期多发性骨髓瘤患者（MM组；n = 16；平均年龄：65.00 ± 5.13；平均病程：57个月）。训练干预应用于患者组，包括每周三次中等强度训练，根据每个参与者的估计身体能力进行个性化调整。通过16S rRNA测序（V3-V9区域）确定分类组成。比较患者组和对照组之间的微生物群组成。
在实施NW计划之前，对照组和患者组在物种和属水平的α和β多样性指标存在显著差异。相比之下，训练周期后对照组和患者组之间未观察到差异，表明患者的微生物群向对照组模式转变。这在所有分类水平上MMB组与对照组之间平均差异的最低值以及对照组与MMA患者组之间最高差异值中得到证实。患者的肠道微生物群主要由门 、 、 、 和 代表。
训练与限时饮食相结合，刺激了肠道微生物群物种的生物多样性增加和分类重排。
