Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Basics Sciences, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland.
Plasma Cell Dyscrasia Center, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Oct 19;24(20):15358. doi: 10.3390/ijms242015358.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy originating from clonal plasma cell proliferation within the bone marrow, predominantly affecting older individuals. While anemia serves as a diagnostic criterion for MM, it often ameliorates upon achieving disease remission. Iron metabolism parameters have emerged as potential prognostic indicators in MM. Notably, physical exercise has been established to influence iron metabolism. This study aimed to assess alterations in serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin concentrations, as well as leukocyte gene expression, in MM patients undergoing a six-week cycle of Nordic walking training. Thirty patients divided into an exercise group (NW, n = 15, mean age 63.1 ± 8.4 years) and a control group (CG, n = 15, mean age: 63.5 ± 3.6 years) completed the study protocol. Blood samples were collected at baseline, after three and six weeks of training, and after nine weeks. Serum ferritin, transferrin, and iron concentrations were measured, along with the leukocyte expression of genes. Additionally, serum oxidative damage marker levels were determined. Following the Nordic walking training cycle, a declining trend in serum ferritin concentrations was observed. Intracellular mRNA levels of genes associated with iron metabolism were positively influenced by the training regimen, indicating the potential impact of this physical activity on gene expression and ferritin concentrations. Although positive trends were noted, extended training periods might be requisite for significant changes. To conclude, moderate-intensity exercise induces favorable shifts in the analyzed parameters among MM patients, potentially influencing disease progression. Consequently, Nordic walking training is a safe recommendation for MM patients, though sustained training beyond six weeks could be necessary for notable effects on iron metabolism factors.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种不可治愈的血液恶性肿瘤，起源于骨髓中克隆性浆细胞的增殖，主要影响老年人。虽然贫血是 MM 的诊断标准，但在疾病缓解时往往会改善。铁代谢参数已成为 MM 的潜在预后指标。值得注意的是，运动已被证实会影响铁代谢。本研究旨在评估接受为期六周的北欧式步行训练的 MM 患者的血清铁、铁蛋白和转铁蛋白浓度以及白细胞基因表达的变化。30 名患者分为运动组（NW，n=15，平均年龄 63.1±8.4 岁）和对照组（CG，n=15，平均年龄：63.5±3.6 岁）完成了研究方案。在基线、训练 3 周和 6 周以及 9 周后采集血液样本。测量血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白和铁浓度，以及白细胞基因表达。此外，还测定了血清氧化损伤标志物水平。在北欧式步行训练周期后，观察到血清铁蛋白浓度呈下降趋势。与铁代谢相关的基因的细胞内 mRNA 水平受到训练方案的正向影响，表明这种体育活动对基因表达和铁蛋白浓度可能产生影响。虽然观察到了积极的趋势，但可能需要延长训练时间才能产生显著变化。总之，中等强度运动可诱导 MM 患者分析参数的有利变化，可能影响疾病进展。因此，北欧式步行训练是 MM 患者的安全推荐，尽管需要持续训练超过六周才能对铁代谢因素产生显著影响。
