Monteiro Jéssica, Bicho Manuel, Valente Ana
Applied Nutrition Research Group (GENA), Nutrition Lab, Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.
Ecogenetics and Human Health Research Group, Associate Laboratory TERRA, ISAMB-Institute of Environmental Health, Lisbon School of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 30;17(1):103. doi: 10.3390/nu17010103.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Subfertility is characterized by a decrease in reproductive efficiency, which can result in delayed pregnancy, and affects one in six individuals during their lifetime. The present narrative review aims to evaluate the contribution of precision nutrition to changes in fertility in subfertile couples.
The literature review was carried out through bibliographic research in the PubMed, Scopus, SciELO and Google Scholar databases. The following search criteria were applied: (1) original articles and narrative, systematic or meta-analytic reviews, and (2) the individual or combined use of the following keywords: "genetic variation", "nutrigenetics", "precision nutrition", "couple's subfertility", and "couple's infertility". A preliminary reading of all the articles was carried out, and only those that best fit the themes and subthemes of the narrative review were selected.
Scientific evidence suggests that adherence to a healthy diet that follows the Mediterranean pattern is associated with increased fertility in women and improved semen quality in men, better metabolic health and reduced levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as maintaining a healthy body weight. The integration of different tools, such as nutrigenetics, predictive biochemical analyses, intestinal microbiota tests and clinical nutrition software, used in precision nutrition interventions can contribute to providing information on how diet and genetics interact and how they can influence fertility.
The adoption of a multidisciplinary and precision approach allows the design of dietary and lifestyle recommendations adapted to the specific characteristics and needs of couples with subfertility, thus optimizing reproductive health outcomes and achieving successful conception.
背景/目的：亚生育能力的特征是生殖效率下降，这可能导致怀孕延迟，并且在一生中影响六分之一的人。本叙述性综述旨在评估精准营养对亚生育夫妇生育能力变化的作用。
通过在PubMed、Scopus、SciELO和谷歌学术数据库中进行文献研究来开展文献综述。应用了以下检索标准：（1）原创文章以及叙述性、系统性或荟萃分析综述，以及（2）单独或组合使用以下关键词：“基因变异”“营养遗传学”“精准营养”“夫妇亚生育能力”和“夫妇不育症”。对所有文章进行了初步阅读，仅选择那些最符合叙述性综述主题和子主题的文章。
科学证据表明，遵循地中海模式的健康饮食与女性生育能力提高、男性精液质量改善、更好的代谢健康、炎症和氧化应激水平降低以及保持健康体重相关。精准营养干预中使用的不同工具，如营养遗传学、预测性生化分析、肠道微生物群测试和临床营养软件的整合，有助于提供关于饮食和基因如何相互作用以及它们如何影响生育能力的信息。
采用多学科和精准方法能够设计出适合亚生育夫妇特定特征和需求的饮食和生活方式建议，从而优化生殖健康结果并实现成功受孕。
