Rodríguez-Machuca Víctor Ulises, Ángulo-De La Cruz Eduardo Jahir, Gaxiola-Sarmiento Ana Lucía, Ramírez-Corona Juan Antonio, Fernández-Sánchez David, Arredondo-Navarro Luis Angel, Velázquez-Santana Héctor, Nuñez-Velasco Santiago, Navarro-Martín Del Campo Regina Mallinalli, Bustos-Rodríguez Felipe De Jesús, Corona-Rivera Jorge Román, Bobadilla-Morales Lucina, Corona-Rivera Alfredo
Ph.D. Human Genetics Program, Molecular Biology and Genomics Department, Human Genetics Institute "Dr. Enrique Corona-Rivera", University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Cytogenetics Unit, Treatment Diagnostic and Auxiliary Division, Civil Hospital "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Guadalajara, Mexico.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2025 Jan 11;41(1):90. doi: 10.1007/s00381-024-06715-y.
Central nervous system tumors (CNSTs) represent a significant oncological challenge in pediatric populations, particularly in developing regions where access to diagnostic and therapeutic resources is limited.
This research investigates the epidemiology, histological classifications, and survival outcomes of CNST in a cohort of pediatric patients aged 0 to 19 years within a 25-year retrospective study at the Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Mexico, from 1999 to 2024.
Data was analyzed from 273 patients who met inclusion criteria, revealing a higher incidence in males (51.6%) with a mean age at diagnosis of 8.2 years. Histological analysis revealed gliomas as the most common type (52.7%), followed by embryonal tumors (28.6%). High-grade tumors (WHO grade 4) comprised 49.8% of cases, demonstrating significantly poorer survival outcomes (median overall survival of 13.5 months) compared to lower-grade tumors (up to 57 months). The predominance of tumors in the supratentorial region and the notable differences in survival outcomes by tumor type underscore the varied impact of geographical and socioeconomic factors on pediatric oncology in Mexico.
This study highlights the critical need for improved healthcare infrastructure and early diagnosis initiatives, as well as the importance of targeted research to address disparities in treatment and outcomes for pediatric CNST in this region.
中枢神经系统肿瘤（CNSTs）是儿科人群面临的重大肿瘤学挑战，在诊断和治疗资源有限的发展中地区尤其如此。
本研究在墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉市民医院对1999年至2024年期间的25年回顾性研究中，调查了0至19岁儿科患者队列中CNST的流行病学、组织学分类和生存结果。
对符合纳入标准的273例患者的数据进行了分析，结果显示男性发病率较高（51.6%），诊断时的平均年龄为8.2岁。组织学分析显示，胶质瘤是最常见的类型（52.7%），其次是胚胎性肿瘤（28.6%）。高级别肿瘤（WHO 4级）占病例的49.8%，与低级别肿瘤（长达57个月）相比，其生存结果明显较差（中位总生存期为13.5个月）。幕上区域肿瘤的 predominance以及不同肿瘤类型生存结果的显著差异，凸显了地理和社会经济因素对墨西哥儿科肿瘤学的不同影响。
本研究强调了改善医疗基础设施和早期诊断举措的迫切需求，以及开展针对性研究以解决该地区儿科CNST治疗和结果差异问题的重要性。
