Li Geng, Xia Haishuo, Teng Gesi, Chen Antao
School of Psychology, Research Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
School of Psychology, Research Center for Exercise and Brain Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; 7T Magnetic Resonance Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2025 Feb;169:106008. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106008. Epub 2025 Jan 10.
The general-domain effect of physical exercise-induced cognitive gains in behavioral outcomes is well-documented, but a consensus on the neural correlates remains elusive. This meta-analysis aims to identify the neural correlates of physical exercise-induced general cognitive gains by examining task-related brain activation consistently modulated by physical exercise and its relationship to those gains. Our analysis of 52 studies with 1503 participants shows that physical exercise enhances cognitive task performance (Hedges' g = 0.271) and consistently increases task-related brain activation primarily in the bilateral precuneus. These increases in task-related brain activation correlate positively with cognitive task performance improvements improvements. Notably, physical exercise intensity, adherence, and social environment significantly modulate task-related brain activation changes induced by physical exercise. This meta-analysis offers an unprecedented comprehensive assessment of how physical exercise modulates task-related brain activation changes, providing neural evidence to support the general-domain effects on cognitive function induced by physical exercise.
体育锻炼在行为结果方面所带来的认知提升的一般领域效应已有充分记录，但关于其神经关联仍未达成共识。本荟萃分析旨在通过检查体育锻炼持续调节的与任务相关的大脑激活及其与这些提升的关系，来确定体育锻炼引起的一般认知提升的神经关联。我们对52项研究（涉及1503名参与者）的分析表明，体育锻炼可提高认知任务表现（赫奇斯g值 = 0.271），并主要在双侧楔前叶持续增加与任务相关的大脑激活。这些与任务相关的大脑激活增加与认知任务表现的改善呈正相关。值得注意的是，体育锻炼强度、依从性和社会环境会显著调节体育锻炼引起的与任务相关的大脑激活变化。本荟萃分析对体育锻炼如何调节与任务相关的大脑激活变化进行了前所未有的全面评估，为支持体育锻炼对认知功能的一般领域效应提供了神经学证据。
