Liu Wanxu, Wang Zilin, Liu Yixuan, Li Xiaofen
College of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 11;15(1):25003. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-10751-2.
This study examines the effects of early childhood DanceSport intervention on executive functions (EFs) in preschoolers. A total of 214 children (96 aged 4-5, 118 aged 5-6) were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group participated in an 8-week early childhood DanceSport program (twice weekly, 45 min), while the control group engaged in regular activities. EFs-cognitive flexibility (CF), inhibitory control (IC), and working memory (WM), were assessed pre- and post-intervention using standardized measures: Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) for CF, Attention Network Test for Children (ANT-C) for IC, and Backward Digit Span Test (BDST) for WM. The results revealed a significant time × group interaction effect in the DCCS, ANT-C, and BDST assessments (p < 0.01). A significant time × age interaction effect for reaction time (RT) was observed in the DCCS task (p = 0.001), while the ANT-C task showed a significant age × group interaction effect for RT (p = 0.003). Early childhood DanceSport may enhance EFs, with more pronounced improvements in CF for 5-6-year-olds and in IC for 4-5-year-olds. These findings support the integration of DanceSport into early education as a means to promote cognitive development and inform age-appropriate strategies for EF enhancement.
本研究考察了幼儿期体育舞蹈干预对学龄前儿童执行功能（EFs）的影响。总共214名儿童（96名4 - 5岁，118名5 - 6岁）被随机分配到实验组或对照组。实验组参加了为期8周的幼儿体育舞蹈项目（每周两次，每次45分钟），而对照组进行常规活动。在干预前后，使用标准化测量方法对执行功能——认知灵活性（CF）、抑制控制（IC）和工作记忆（WM）进行评估：用维度变化卡片分类任务（DCCS）评估CF，用儿童注意力网络测试（ANT - C）评估IC，用倒背数字广度测试（BDST）评估WM。结果显示，在DCCS、ANT - C和BDST评估中存在显著的时间×组间交互效应（p < 0.01）。在DCCS任务中观察到反应时间（RT）存在显著的时间×年龄交互效应（p = 0.001），而在ANT - C任务中，RT存在显著的年龄×组间交互效应（p = 0.003）。幼儿期体育舞蹈可能会增强执行功能，5 - 6岁儿童在CF方面、4 - 5岁儿童在IC方面有更明显的改善。这些发现支持将体育舞蹈纳入早期教育，作为促进认知发展的一种手段，并为增强执行功能的适龄策略提供参考。
