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美国年轻人的大麻使用特征及其与问题性使用结果、戒烟相关因素和心理健康的关联。

Cannabis use characteristics and associations with problematic use outcomes, quitting-related factors, and mental health among US young adults.

作者信息

Berg Carla J, LoParco Cassidy R, Romm Katelyn F, Cui Yuxian, McCready Darcey M, Wang Yan, Yang Y Tony, Szlyk Hannah S, Kasson Erin, Chakraborty Rishika, Cavazos-Rehg Patricia A

机构信息

Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.

出版信息

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy. 2025 Jan 11;20(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13011-025-00634-0.

DOI:10.1186/s13011-025-00634-0
PMID:39799369
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11725203/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Given the changes in trends of cannabis use (e.g., product types), this study examined latent classes of young adult use and associations with use-related outcomes.

METHODS

We analyzed 2023 survey data among 4,031 US young adults (M=26.29, 59.4% female, 19.0% Hispanic, 13.5% Black, 13.6% Asian). Among those reporting past-month use (48.8%), latent class analysis (LCA) indicators included: days used (1-5; 6-20; 21-30), use/day (1; 2-4; ≥5), and type usually used (herb/flower; edibles; oils/vape; concentrates/other). Multivariable regressions examined class in relation to problematic use, quitting-related factors, and mental health, controlling for sociodemographics and state non-medical cannabis laws.

RESULTS

LCA identified 4 classes of cannabis use frequency and types used: 'infrequent-herb/edibles' (41.4%), 'frequent-herb' (16.8%), 'moderate-herb' (28.0%), and 'moderate-oil/other' (13.8%). In multivariable analyses (referent group: 'moderate-herb' class), 'frequent-herb' reported less problematic use (B=-0.18, 95%CI=-0.30, -0.07), while 'moderate-oil/other' reported greater (B = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.27, 0.51). 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' had lower odds of driving post-use of cannabis (aOR = 0.28, 95%CI = 0.22, 0.37) and cannabis/alcohol (aOR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.35, 0.76), whereas 'frequent-herb' (aOR = 1.52, 95%CI = 1.02, 2.28) and 'moderate-oil/other' (aOR = 3.98, 95%CI = 2.72, 5.82) reported greater odds of driving post-cannabis/alcohol use. 'Moderate-oil/other' reported higher quitting importance (B = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.17, 1.01), while 'frequent-herb' reported lower (B=-0.33, 95%CI=-0.99, -0.18). 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' reported higher quitting confidence (B = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.20, 0.92), whereas 'frequent-herb' (B=-1.01, 95%CI=-1.45, -0.57) and 'moderate-oil/other' (B=-1.27, 95%CI=-1.74, -0.81) reported lower. 'Infrequent-herb/edibles' reported fewer mental health symptoms (B=-0.55, 95%CI=-0.93, -0.17), while 'moderate-oil/other' reported more (B = 1.03, 95%CI = 0.53, 1.52).

CONCLUSIONS

Preventing frequent and moderate use of cannabis, particularly of oils/concentrates, is crucial given the potential negative implications for problematic use, quitting, and mental health.

摘要

目的

鉴于大麻使用趋势的变化(如产品类型),本研究调查了年轻成年人使用大麻的潜在类别及其与使用相关结果的关联。

方法

我们分析了2023年对4031名美国年轻成年人(平均年龄26.29岁,59.4%为女性,19.0%为西班牙裔,13.5%为黑人,13.6%为亚裔)的调查数据。在报告过去一个月使用过大麻的人群(48.8%)中,潜在类别分析(LCA)指标包括:使用天数(1 - 5天;6 - 20天;21 - 30天)、每日使用量(1次;2 - 4次;≥5次)以及通常使用的类型(草药/花;食用大麻制品;油/电子烟;浓缩物/其他)。多变量回归分析在控制社会人口统计学因素和州非医用大麻法律的情况下,研究了大麻使用类别与问题使用、戒烟相关因素以及心理健康之间的关系。

结果

潜在类别分析确定了4种大麻使用频率和类型的类别:“偶尔 - 草药/食用大麻制品”(41.4%)、“频繁 - 草药”(16.8%)、“中度 - 草药”(28.0%)和“中度 - 油/其他”(13.8%)。在多变量分析中(参照组:“中度 - 草药”类别),“频繁 - 草药”类别报告的问题使用较少(B = -0.18,95%置信区间 = -0.30,-0.07),而“中度 - 油/其他”类别报告的问题使用较多(B = 0.39,95%置信区间 = 0.27,0.51)。“偶尔 - 草药/食用大麻制品”在使用大麻后驾车的几率较低(调整后比值比[aOR] = 0.28,95%置信区间 = 0.22,0.37)以及在使用大麻/酒精后驾车的几率较低(aOR = 0.52,95%置信区间 = 0.35,0.76),而“频繁 - 草药”(aOR = 1.52,95%置信区间 = 1.02,2.28)和“中度 - 油/其他”(aOR = 3.98,95%置信区间 = 2.72,5.82)在使用大麻/酒精后驾车的几率较高。“中度 - 油/其他”类别报告的戒烟重要性较高(B = 0.59,95%置信区间 = 0.17,1.01),而“频繁 - 草药”类别报告的戒烟重要性较低(B = -0.33,95%置信区间 = -0.99,-0.18)。“偶尔 - 草药/食用大麻制品”类别报告的戒烟信心较高(B = 0.56,95%置信区间 = 0.20,0.92),而“频繁 - 草药”(B = -1.01,95%置信区间 = -1.45,-0.57)和“中度 - 油/其他”(B = -1.27,95%置信区间 = -1.74,-0.81)报告的戒烟信心较低。“偶尔 - 草药/食用大麻制品”类别报告的心理健康症状较少(B = -0.55,95%置信区间 = -0.93,-0.17),而“中度 - 油/其他”类别报告的心理健康症状较多(B = 1.03,95%置信区间 = 0.53,1.52)。

结论

鉴于频繁和中度使用大麻,尤其是油/浓缩物类大麻,可能对问题使用、戒烟及心理健康产生负面影响,预防此类使用至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5b0a/11725203/04ab82f1c189/13011_2025_634_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5b0a/11725203/04ab82f1c189/13011_2025_634_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5b0a/11725203/04ab82f1c189/13011_2025_634_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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