Yilmaz Ahmet Çagdas, Toktas Hasan, Celik Sefa, Sen Serkan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
J Cell Mol Med. 2025 Jan;29(1):e70257. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.70257.
The development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA) are believed to involve inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of applying therapeutic ultrasound (US) to human osteoarthritic chondrocytes in continuous and pulsed modes on cell proliferation and proinflammatory cytokine levels. Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes (HC-OA 402OA-05a) were proliferated in appropriate media and then seeded into culture plates. The plates were grouped and exposed to underwater continuous, pulsed and control US at 0.1 W/cm and 1 MHz for 10 min daily for 10 days. Cell viability/proliferation was assessed using the MTT assay, total protein was measured by ELISA and cytokine levels per protein were determined. Cells were photographed using microscopic analysis. Both continuous and pulsed US groups showed a significant increase in viability compared to the control group. No significant difference was found between the continuous and pulsed US groups for IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Both groups showed significant cytokine reduction compared to the control group. For IL-17 and IL-32 levels, both US groups had reduced cytokine levels compared to the control group, but the results were not significant. Underwater US at 0.1 W/cm and 1 MHz stimulated cell proliferation and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels in osteoarthritic chondrocyte cell cultures. This study extensively focused on proinflammatory IL levels, and the meaningful results may inspire future in vivo/in vitro studies. While adapting in vitro data to in vivo conditions poses challenges, our results could guide future in vivo studies and clinical applications.
骨关节炎（OA）的发展和进程被认为与炎症有关。本研究旨在探究以连续和脉冲模式对人骨关节炎软骨细胞施加治疗性超声（US）对细胞增殖和促炎细胞因子水平的影响。人骨关节炎软骨细胞（HC - OA 402OA - 05a）在合适的培养基中增殖，然后接种到培养板中。将培养板分组，并在0.1 W/cm²和1 MHz频率下，每天分别接受水下连续、脉冲和对照超声照射10分钟，持续10天。使用MTT法评估细胞活力/增殖情况，通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量总蛋白，并测定每蛋白的细胞因子水平。通过显微镜分析对细胞进行拍照。与对照组相比，连续和脉冲超声组的细胞活力均显著增加。连续和脉冲超声组在白细胞介素 - 1β（IL - 1β）、肿瘤坏死因子 - α（TNF - α）和白细胞介素 - 6（IL - 6）水平上未发现显著差异。与对照组相比，两组的细胞因子水平均显著降低。对于白细胞介素 - 17（IL - 17）和白细胞介素 - 32（IL - 32）水平，与对照组相比，两组的细胞因子水平均有所降低，但结果不显著。在0.1 W/cm²和1 MHz频率下的水下超声刺激了骨关节炎软骨细胞培养中的细胞增殖并降低了促炎细胞因子水平。本研究广泛关注促炎白细胞介素水平，这些有意义的结果可能会启发未来的体内/体外研究。虽然将体外数据应用于体内条件存在挑战，但我们的结果可为未来的体内研究和临床应用提供指导。
