Dana Liyuwork Mitiku, Ramos-García César, Kerr Deborah A, Fry Jane M, Temple Jeromey, Pollard Christina M
School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
Division of Health Sciences, Nutritional Assessment and Nutritional Care Laboratory (LECEN), Tonalá University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
Adv Nutr. 2025 Feb;16(2):100365. doi: 10.1016/j.advnut.2025.100365. Epub 2025 Jan 10.
Food insecurity (FI) is a serious public health concern in economically developed countries, mainly due to unequal resource distribution. Identifying social vulnerability factors [i.e., characteristics of a person or group regarding their capacity to anticipate, cope with, resist, and recover from the effects of child FI (CFI)] and their positive or negative relationship with CFI is important to support targeted action with a scale and intensity that is proportionate to the level of disadvantage. This review aimed to systematically and comprehensively identify key social vulnerability contributors to CFI in economically developed countries and discuss the factors in the context of the socio-ecological model. Five research databases were searched for observational studies published in 2000 assessing social vulnerability factors related to FI in children residing in developed countries. Data screening and extraction were independently conducted by 2 reviewers who recorded factors related to CFI. The QualSyst tool was used to assess risk of bias. From the studies identified (N = 5689), 49 articles, predominantly from the United States and Canada, met the inclusion criteria. The identified social vulnerability factors associated with CFI were grouped into 5 based on the socio-ecological model: 1) individual child, 2) parental, 3) household, 4) community, and 5) societal factors. The most frequently reported contributors to CFI were income (household factor). Other social vulnerability factors were identified, including the child's age, parental depression, household crowdedness, social connection, poverty, and residential instability. The lack of consistent measures to define both social vulnerability and CFI in diverse population subgroups impeded meaningful pooling and interpretation of factors interacting with CFI. Recommendations for future studies are to use comparable measures to estimate the extent and severity of CFI and to investigate the relation between social vulnerability, severity, and trajectories of CFI in developed countries. This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022291638.
在经济发达国家，粮食不安全（FI）是一个严重的公共卫生问题，主要原因是资源分配不均。识别社会脆弱性因素[即个人或群体在预测、应对、抵抗儿童粮食不安全（CFI）影响并从中恢复方面的能力特征]及其与CFI的正相关或负相关关系，对于支持采取规模和强度与不利程度相称的针对性行动至关重要。本综述旨在系统全面地识别经济发达国家中CFI的关键社会脆弱性因素，并在社会生态模型的背景下讨论这些因素。检索了五个研究数据库，以查找2000年发表的评估发达国家儿童FI相关社会脆弱性因素的观察性研究。数据筛选和提取由两名记录与CFI相关因素的评审员独立进行。使用QualSyst工具评估偏倚风险。从识别出的研究（N = 5689）中，49篇文章（主要来自美国和加拿大）符合纳入标准。根据社会生态模型，与CFI相关的已识别社会脆弱性因素分为五类：1）儿童个体，2）父母，3）家庭，4）社区，5）社会因素。CFI最常报告的因素是收入（家庭因素）。还识别出了其他社会脆弱性因素，包括儿童年龄、父母抑郁、家庭拥挤、社会联系、贫困和居住不稳定。缺乏在不同人群亚组中定义社会脆弱性和CFI的一致措施，阻碍了对与CFI相互作用因素进行有意义的汇总和解释。对未来研究的建议是使用可比措施来估计CFI的程度和严重程度，并调查发达国家社会脆弱性、严重程度与CFI轨迹之间的关系。该试验在PROSPERO注册为CRD42022291638。
