Li Gaoqiang, Lu Qian, Wen Bing, Qi Xin, Guan Hui, Li Huijuan, Liu Jin, Ding Yanming
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Int Wound J. 2025 Jan;22(1):e70125. doi: 10.1111/iwj.70125.
Good foot care knowledge and behaviour are very important to prevent the occurrence of diabetic foot, but there are few reports on the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with diabetes in the community. The purpose of this study was to understand the foot care knowledge and behaviour of older people with type 2 diabetes in Beijing community, and analyse its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for further intervention. We investigated 254 older people with type 2 diabetes in Xinjiekou community, Beijing, including their general information, chronic complications, foot care knowledge and behaviour. The results showed that the average scores of foot care knowledge and behaviour were 73.38 ± 12.25 and 49.70 ± 8.70, respectively. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the total score of foot nursing knowledge of older people with diabetes in community were gender, duration of diabetes and whether they had received foot nursing education (p < 0.05). The factors influencing the total score of foot nursing behaviour were gender, duration of disease, whether they had received foot nursing education and peripheral vascular disease (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the knowledge of foot care of older people with diabetes in community is in the middle level, and the foot care behaviour is not optimistic. Community healthcare workers can improve patients' knowledge of foot care and improve their compliance with foot care behaviour through foot care health education. At the same time, we should pay more attention to men, those with a shorter duration of diabetes and diabetic patients with peripheral vascular disease to reduce the occurrence of diabetic foot.
良好的足部护理知识和行为对于预防糖尿病足的发生非常重要，但关于社区老年糖尿病患者足部护理知识和行为的报道较少。本研究旨在了解北京社区2型老年糖尿病患者的足部护理知识和行为，并分析其影响因素，以便为进一步干预提供参考。我们对北京新街口社区254名2型老年糖尿病患者进行了调查，内容包括其一般信息、慢性并发症、足部护理知识和行为。结果显示，足部护理知识和行为的平均得分分别为73.38±12.25和49.70±8.70。多元逐步回归分析显示，影响社区老年糖尿病患者足部护理知识总分的因素为性别、糖尿病病程以及是否接受过足部护理教育（p<0.05）。影响足部护理行为总分的因素为性别、病程、是否接受过足部护理教育以及外周血管疾病（p<0.05）。综上所述，社区老年糖尿病患者的足部护理知识处于中等水平，足部护理行为不容乐观。社区医护人员可通过足部护理健康教育提高患者的足部护理知识，改善其足部护理行为的依从性。同时，应更加关注男性、糖尿病病程较短者以及患有外周血管疾病的糖尿病患者，以减少糖尿病足的发生。
