Macdonald Jascha F H, Han Yuchen, Astafyeva Yekaterina, Bergmann Lutgardis, Gurschke Marno, Dirksen Philipp, Blümke Patrick, Schneider Yannik K H, Alawi Malik, Lippemeier Sebastian, Andersen Jeanette H, Krohn Ines
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststr.18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany.
Bioinformatics Core, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jan 13;109(1):6. doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13395-w.
The focus on microalgae for applications in several fields, e.g. resources for biofuel, the food industry, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare, has gained increasing attention over the last decades. In this study, we investigate the microbiome of the cultured microalga Tetraselmis chui (T. chui) to highlight their potential for health benefits. In this context, biomolecules like antioxidants play a crucial role in the well-being of living organisms as they metabolise harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) to reduce oxidative stress. Impaired processing of ROS leads to damaged cells and increases the risk of cancer, inflammatory diseases, and diabetes, among others. Here, we identify, characterise, and test bacterial antioxidants derived from the T. chui microbiome metagenome dataset. We identified 258 genes coding for proteins with potential antioxidant activity. Of those, four novel enzymes are expressed and identified as two superoxide dismutases (SOD), TcJM_SOD2 and TcIK_SOD3, and two catalases (CAT), TcJM_CAT2 and TcIK_CAT3. Extensive analyses characterised all implemented enzymes as active even in concentrations down to 25 ngml for the SODs and 15 ngml for the CATs. Furthermore, sequence-based analyses assign TcJM_SOD2 and TcIK_SOD3 to iron superoxide dismutases (Fe SODs) and TcJM_CAT2 and TcIK_CAT3 to heme-containing catalases. These candidates are phylogenetically classified within the phylum Pseudomonadota. Regarding the biotechnological potential, a toxicity assay did not indicate any harmful effects. The introduced enzymes may benefit medical applications and expand the potential of microalgae microbiomes. KEY POINTS: • Omics-based discoveries of antioxidant enzymes from Tetraselmis chui microbiome • Two superoxide dismutases and two catalases are identified and tested for activity • Enzyme sensitivity highlights biotechnological potential of microalgae microbiomes.
在过去几十年中，微藻在多个领域的应用，如生物燃料资源、食品工业、化妆品、营养保健品、生物技术和医疗保健等方面，受到了越来越多的关注。在本研究中，我们调查了养殖的微藻绿梭藻（Tetraselmis chui，简称T. chui）的微生物组，以突出其对健康有益的潜力。在这种情况下，抗氧化剂等生物分子在生物体的健康中起着至关重要的作用，因为它们能代谢有害的活性氧（ROS）以减轻氧化应激。ROS处理受损会导致细胞受损，并增加患癌症、炎症性疾病和糖尿病等疾病的风险。在这里，我们从T. chui微生物组宏基因组数据集中鉴定、表征并测试了细菌抗氧化剂。我们鉴定出258个编码具有潜在抗氧化活性蛋白质的基因。其中，四种新型酶被表达并鉴定为两种超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），即TcJM_SOD2和TcIK_SOD3，以及两种过氧化氢酶（CAT），即TcJM_CAT2和TcIK_CAT3。广泛的分析表明，所有实施的酶即使在低至25 ng/ml的浓度下（SOD）和15 ng/ml的浓度下（CAT）仍然具有活性。此外，基于序列的分析将TcJM_SOD2和TcIK_SOD3归类为铁超氧化物歧化酶（Fe SOD），将TcJM_CAT2和TcIK_CAT3归类为含血红素的过氧化氢酶。这些候选酶在系统发育上属于假单胞菌门。关于生物技术潜力，毒性试验未表明有任何有害影响。引入的酶可能有益于医学应用，并扩大微藻微生物组的潜力。要点：• 基于组学发现绿梭藻微生物组中的抗氧化酶 • 鉴定并测试了两种超氧化物歧化酶和两种过氧化氢酶的活性 • 酶的敏感性突出了微藻微生物组的生物技术潜力
