扩大育儿支持以预防坦桑尼亚的儿童暴力行为：政策制定者和服务提供者的见解
Scaling up of parenting support to prevent violence against children in Tanzania: insights from policymakers and service providers.
作者信息
van Tuyll van Serooskereken Rakotomalala Sabine, Nyalali Kija, Wamoyi Joyce, Onduru Onduru Gervas, Mshana Gerry, Stok F Marijn, Yerkes Mara A, De Wit John B F
机构信息
Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania.
出版信息
Implement Sci Commun. 2025 Jan 13;6(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s43058-024-00684-8.
BACKGROUND
Evidence shows that parenting behaviours, including the use of violent discipline, can be changed through programmatic interventions. This study seeks to examine how policymakers and service providers in Tanzania perceive the provision of parenting support as a strategy to prevent violence against children and what the enabling and hindering factors are for the scale-up of existing evidence-based parenting supports. It does this by applying Daly's analytical framework for parenting support.
METHODS
Qualitative research was undertaken, with interviews conducted with 20 key informants consisting of purposively sampled policymakers and service providers. The interview data were analysed using inductive and deductive coding and analysis.
RESULTS
The most prominent enabling factors noted for the scale-up of parenting support interventions in Tanzania include the existing supportive political commitment, the interventions currently on offer at the programmatic level, and the perceived understanding of Tanzanian caregivers of the importance of parenting and, thereby, a willingness to change. Current factors hindering the scale-up include the lack of a common understanding of what evidence-based parenting programmes entail, inadequate provision of human and financial capital to implement the programmes using community resources and deeply engrained social norms around adultism and gender.
CONCLUSION
Daly's analytical framework allowed us to examine barriers and facilitators to scale-up the provision of parenting support to prevent violence against children, based on the viewpoints of policymakers and service providers. Understanding these barriers and facilitators will allow Tanzanian policymakers and service providers to further close the gap between the policies and the actual implementation of evidence-based parenting support programmes aimed at preventing violence against children.
背景
有证据表明，包括使用暴力管教在内的育儿行为可以通过系统性干预得到改变。本研究旨在探讨坦桑尼亚的政策制定者和服务提供者如何看待提供育儿支持作为预防暴力侵害儿童行为的一项策略，以及扩大现有循证育儿支持措施的促进因素和阻碍因素。本研究通过应用戴利的育儿支持分析框架来实现这一目的。
方法
开展了定性研究，对20名关键信息提供者进行了访谈，这些信息提供者是有目的地抽取的政策制定者和服务提供者。访谈数据采用归纳和演绎编码及分析方法进行分析。
结果
在坦桑尼亚，扩大育儿支持干预措施最突出的促进因素包括现有的支持性政治承诺、目前在项目层面提供的干预措施，以及坦桑尼亚照料者对育儿重要性的认知理解，从而有意愿做出改变。目前阻碍扩大规模的因素包括对循证育儿项目的具体内容缺乏共识、缺乏利用社区资源实施项目的人力和财力、围绕成人主义和性别观念的根深蒂固的社会规范。
结论
戴利的分析框架使我们能够从政策制定者和服务提供者的角度，审视扩大育儿支持以预防暴力侵害儿童行为的障碍和促进因素。了解这些障碍和促进因素将使坦桑尼亚的政策制定者和服务提供者进一步缩小旨在预防暴力侵害儿童行为的循证育儿支持项目的政策与实际实施之间的差距。
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