Department of Applied Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Centro de Estudios Sobre Seguridad y Drogas (CESED), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Child Care Health Dev. 2024 Sep;50(5):e13325. doi: 10.1111/cch.13325.
Violence against children (VAC) is a global public health and human rights issue that can lead to long-lasting negative consequences for individual and societal outcomes. While extensive evidence indicates that parenting programmes might be effective in preventing VAC, there are several unsolved questions on how to ensure interventions are acceptable, feasible, effective and sustainable, particularly in low- and- middle-income countries (LMICs).
In this study, we report findings from a qualitative examination of policymakers' (N = 10), early childhood and parenting programme facilitators' (N = 20) and parents' and other caregivers' (N = 38) perspectives on VAC prevention to examine the implementation ecosystem of parenting programmes in Colombia, including contextual risk and protection factors, features of existing programmes, and stakeholders' needs. We conducted interviews and focus groups using a semistructured format, along with a thematic approach, to analyse the data from each group of participants (i.e., policymakers, facilitators and caregivers) independently.
Overall, the data revealed the critical role of intersecting and interacting factors at the micro (e.g., caregivers' capabilities and beliefs), meso (e.g., programme content and delivery approaches) and macro (e.g., policymakers' vision and existing infrastructure) levels in exacerbating risks/imposing barriers versus protecting/promoting VAC prevention.
These findings provide evidence on the implementation ecosystem of prevention programmes to inform the design of novel strategies and programmes aimed at preventing violence and promoting families' well-being and young children's development.
儿童暴力（VAC）是一个全球性的公共卫生和人权问题，可能对个人和社会产生持久的负面影响。虽然有大量证据表明育儿计划可能有效预防 VAC，但在如何确保干预措施是可接受、可行、有效和可持续方面，仍存在一些未解决的问题，特别是在中低收入国家（LMICs）。
在这项研究中，我们报告了对政策制定者（N=10）、幼儿和育儿计划促进者（N=20）以及父母和其他照顾者（N=38）对预防 VAC 的看法进行定性检查的结果，以研究哥伦比亚育儿计划的实施生态系统，包括背景风险和保护因素、现有计划的特点以及利益相关者的需求。我们使用半结构化格式进行访谈和焦点小组，采用主题方法，分别对每个参与者群体（即政策制定者、促进者和照顾者）的数据进行分析。
总体而言，数据显示了微观层面（例如照顾者的能力和信念）、中观层面（例如计划内容和实施方法）以及宏观层面（例如政策制定者的愿景和现有基础设施）上相互交织和相互作用的因素在加剧风险/造成障碍与保护/促进 VAC 预防方面的关键作用。
这些发现为预防计划的实施生态系统提供了证据，为设计旨在预防暴力、促进家庭福祉和儿童发展的新战略和计划提供了信息。
