Zhang Dandan, Wang Yang, Li Wenfeng, Duan Yani, Li Fang, Cui Yushan
Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, Hedong District, China.
Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, Hedong District, China
BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 30;14(12):e091494. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091494.
The main purpose of this study was to analyse the association between obesity and thyroid nodules in children and adults living in iodine-sufficient areas in China.
Analysis of data from two cross-sectional surveys.
921 children from 2016 to 2021 and 1505 adults from 2018 to 2021 living in iodine-sufficient areas from Tianjin, China were recruited.
Anthropometric measures including height and weight were taken, and body mass index (BMI) and body surface area (BSA) were calculated. Thyroid ultrasonography was performed to assess thyroid nodules. A multifactor logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline model were used to analyse the association between BMI/BSA and thyroid nodules in children and adults.
Thyroid nodules were detected in 21.72% of children and 40.00% of adults. Compared with children in the low BMI and low BSA groups, children in higher BMI (=1.53, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) and higher BSA (=1.40, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.94) groups had significantly higher risks for thyroid nodules. High BMI and high BSA were also significantly associated with multiple thyroid nodules in children, with and 95% CIs of 1.51 (1.04 to 2.19) and 1.45 (1.01 to 2.08), respectively. The restricted cubic spline model indicated that the risk of thyroid nodules and multiple thyroid nodules in children increased with the increase of BMI-z-score and BSA. In adults, a high BSA (=1.34, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.77) was significantly associated with multiple thyroid nodules, but this association was not valid in the restricted cubic spline model.
Childhood obesity is associated with the risk of thyroid nodules; however, there is no clear association between adult obesity and thyroid nodules.
本研究的主要目的是分析中国碘充足地区儿童和成人肥胖与甲状腺结节之间的关联。
对两项横断面调查的数据进行分析。
招募了2016年至2021年来自中国天津碘充足地区的921名儿童以及2018年至2021年的1505名成人。
测量身高、体重等人体测量指标，并计算体重指数（BMI）和体表面积（BSA）。进行甲状腺超声检查以评估甲状腺结节。采用多因素逻辑回归模型和受限立方样条模型分析儿童和成人BMI/BSA与甲状腺结节之间的关联。
21.72%的儿童和40.00%的成人检测出甲状腺结节。与低BMI和低BSA组的儿童相比，高BMI（比值比=1.53，95%置信区间1.09至2.15）和高BSA（比值比=1.40，95%置信区间1.01至1.94）组的儿童患甲状腺结节的风险显著更高。高BMI和高BSA也与儿童多发甲状腺结节显著相关，比值比及95%置信区间分别为1.51（1.04至2.19）和1.45（1.01至2.08）。受限立方样条模型表明，儿童甲状腺结节和多发甲状腺结节的风险随BMI-z评分和BSA的增加而增加。在成人中，高BSA（比值比=1.34，95%置信区间1.01至1.77）与多发甲状腺结节显著相关，但在受限立方样条模型中这种关联无效。
儿童肥胖与甲状腺结节风险相关；然而，成人肥胖与甲状腺结节之间没有明确关联。
