Xing Yingying, Wang Xiukang, Mustafa Adnan
Key Laboratory of Applied Ecology of Loess Plateau, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
Key Laboratory of Applied Ecology of Loess Plateau, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Jan 1;289:117703. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.117703. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
Understanding the complex interactions of plants and soils in the face of global food security and environmental degradation challenges is critical to the future of sustainable agriculture. This review discusses the important link between soil health and crop productivity by providing and comprehensive assessment of soil properties and management methods. By examining the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, it uncovers the key limitations posed by the soil environment on crop growth. The review highlights how soil texture, nutrient availability, and moisture levels directly impact on root growth, water uptake, and nutrient use efficiencies, while also exploring how diverse cropping systems enhance soil ecology and biodiversity. By utilizing state-of-the-art bioinformatics, we offer an in-depth exploration of rhizosphere microbial communities, emphasizing the functions of phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in promoting vital nutrient cycles. The potential of using microbial fertilizers to increase crop resistance to disease and stress hold a major premise for future sustainability in agriculture. In this regard, this review highlights the long-term impacts of crop cultivation on soil microbial diversity, revealing intricate selection processes between crops and their microbial partners in shaping crop-soil-microbe interactions. In terms of soil management, practical nutrient management strategies are proposed based on soil testing, emphasizing the benefits of organic farming and conservation tillage for soil health. Modern precision agricultural tools and remote sensing technologies are encouraged to be refined for effective nutrient management. At the policy level, we evaluate international guidelines aimed at fostering agricultural sustainability, suggesting new research pathways for crop-soil dynamics and offering approaches for developing soil health indicators in the face of global environmental challenges.
面对全球粮食安全和环境退化挑战，了解植物与土壤之间的复杂相互作用对于可持续农业的未来至关重要。本综述通过对土壤性质和管理方法进行全面评估，探讨了土壤健康与作物生产力之间的重要联系。通过研究土壤的物理、化学和生物学性质，揭示了土壤环境对作物生长造成的关键限制。该综述强调了土壤质地、养分有效性和水分水平如何直接影响根系生长、水分吸收和养分利用效率，同时还探讨了多样化种植系统如何增强土壤生态和生物多样性。通过利用最先进的生物信息学，我们对根际微生物群落进行了深入探索，强调了溶磷菌和固氮菌在促进重要养分循环中的作用。使用微生物肥料提高作物抗病和抗逆能力的潜力是未来农业可持续性的一个主要前提。在这方面，本综述强调了作物种植对土壤微生物多样性的长期影响，揭示了作物与其微生物伙伴之间在塑造作物-土壤-微生物相互作用方面的复杂选择过程。在土壤管理方面，基于土壤测试提出了切实可行的养分管理策略，强调了有机农业和保护性耕作对土壤健康的益处。鼓励改进现代精准农业工具和遥感技术以进行有效的养分管理。在政策层面，我们评估了旨在促进农业可持续性的国际准则，提出了作物-土壤动态的新研究途径，并提供了面对全球环境挑战制定土壤健康指标的方法。
