Teodoro Lara I, Ovsyannikova Inna G, Poland Gregory A, Kennedy Richard B
Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Vaccine. 2025 Feb 27;48:126708. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126708. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
The mpox virus (MPXV) came to global attention with the 2022 global outbreak. Current vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis against MPXV consists of live vaccinia whole virus-based vaccines including ACAM2000®, JYNNEOS™, and LC16m8 originally developed against smallpox. Here, we analyzed 152 vaccinia-derived peptides we identified by mass spectrometry for homology with MPXV-1 and MPXV-2 sequences to evaluate their potential relevance to MPXV-specific immunity. We found that 93 (61.2 %) of these sequences were 100 % homologous to both clades. This supports the long-standing hypothesis that immunologic cross-reactivity is due to sequence homology between poxviruses. Our results also suggest the utility of VACV-derived peptides for an mpox peptide-based vaccine candidate. The development of peptide-based vaccines against MPXV could offer significant advantages over currently available vaccines, such as no cold chain requirement, stability, and reduced manufacturing costs.
猴痘病毒（MPXV）因2022年的全球疫情而受到全球关注。目前针对猴痘病毒的疫苗接种和暴露后预防措施包括基于活牛痘全病毒的疫苗，如ACAM2000®、JYNNEOS™和最初针对天花研发的LC16m8。在此，我们分析了通过质谱鉴定的152种源自牛痘的肽与MPXV-1和MPXV-2序列的同源性，以评估它们与猴痘病毒特异性免疫的潜在相关性。我们发现其中93种（61.2%）序列与两个分支均100%同源。这支持了长期以来的假说，即免疫交叉反应性是由于痘病毒之间的序列同源性。我们的结果还表明源自牛痘病毒的肽可用于基于肽的猴痘疫苗候选物。开发针对猴痘病毒的肽基疫苗可能比现有疫苗具有显著优势，如无需冷链、稳定性好以及制造成本降低。
