Aguilar Laura Ab, Portela Diego A, Moura Raiane A, Vettorato Enzo, Otero Pablo E, Romano Marta
Department of Comparative Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2025 Mar-Apr;52(2):228-235. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.12.008. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
To develop an ultrasound-guided technique for intercostal nerve blocks in rabbit cadavers and to compare the success rate and potential complications of this technique to blind injection.
Prospective, randomized, blinded, descriptive experimental cadaveric study.
A group of nine adult domestic rabbit cadavers (body mass 1.8-2.4 kg).
Anatomic landmarks were identified by dissection of one cadaver and used to develop the ultrasound-guided technique. Eight cadavers were administered blind injections on one hemithorax and ultrasound-guided injections on the opposite hemithorax. The side used for each treatment was randomly assigned. For both techniques, the third to ninth intercostal nerves were targeted and 0.1 mL of yellow dye solution was injected per site. Medial displacement of the parietal pleura was assessed during ultrasound-guided injections. Rabbits were dissected following injection, and injections were considered successful if the circumference of the intercostal nerve was stained with dye. Additionally, the internal aspect of the parietal pleura was assessed for the presence of free dye to determine whether perforation of the parietal pleura had occurred. The number of stained nerves and incidence of pleural perforations were compared between injection techniques using Fisher's exact test. Data were considered statistically different if p < 0.05.
A total of 56 blind and 56 ultrasound-guided intercostal injections were performed. Success rates of the blind and ultrasound-guided techniques were 35.7 % and 66.0 %, respectively (p = 0.002). The internal aspect of the pleura was stained in 23.2 % of blind and 21.4 % of ultrasound-guided injections, with no significant difference between groups (p > 0.999).
Ultrasound guidance improves the accuracy of intercostal nerve injections when compared with a blind technique; however, pleural puncture is a common complication when performing intercostal injections with both techniques studied.
开发一种用于兔尸体肋间神经阻滞的超声引导技术，并将该技术的成功率和潜在并发症与盲目注射进行比较。
前瞻性、随机、双盲、描述性实验尸体研究。
一组9只成年家兔尸体（体重1.8 - 2.4千克）。
通过解剖一只尸体确定解剖标志，并用于开发超声引导技术。8只尸体在一侧半胸进行盲目注射，在对侧半胸进行超声引导注射。每种治疗所用的侧别随机分配。对于两种技术，均以第三至第九肋间神经为目标，每个部位注射0.1毫升黄色染料溶液。在超声引导注射过程中评估壁层胸膜的内侧移位。注射后解剖兔子，如果肋间神经的周长被染料染色，则认为注射成功。此外，评估壁层胸膜内部是否存在游离染料，以确定是否发生壁层胸膜穿孔。使用Fisher精确检验比较注射技术之间染色神经的数量和胸膜穿孔的发生率。如果p < 0.05，则认为数据具有统计学差异。
共进行了56次盲目肋间注射和56次超声引导肋间注射。盲目注射和超声引导技术的成功率分别为35.7%和66.0%（p = 0.002）。23.2%的盲目注射和21.4%的超声引导注射使胸膜内部被染色，两组之间无显著差异（p > 0.999）。
与盲目技术相比，超声引导提高了肋间神经注射的准确性；然而，在所研究的两种技术进行肋间注射时，胸膜穿刺都是常见的并发症。
