de Oliveira Muniz Cunha Priscila Maria, de Sousa Juliana Schroeder Damico, da Cruz Maria Carolina Souza, Coutinho Rodrigo, Domingos Patricia, Krepsky Natascha, Hauser-Davis Rachel Ann, Marques Marcia, Saggioro Enrico Mendes, de Sá Salomão André Luís
Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, CEP, Brazil.
Department of Plant Biology, Rio de Janeiro State University-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, CEP, Brazil.
Ecotoxicology. 2025 May;34(4):539-553. doi: 10.1007/s10646-025-02854-3. Epub 2025 Jan 17.
Determining environmental risk levels posed to different urban lagoon can provide an important overview regarding the relative severity of the environmental degradation of these ecosystems, increasing the risks visibility, which can be used as an important decision-making tool to prioritize investments. Jacarepaguá Lagoon (JPAL) is part of a coastal lagoon system comprising four interconnected lagoons in Rio de Janeiro city, Southeastern Brazil. Real estate speculation and insufficient sanitation infrastructure resulted in untreated sewage discharge into this ecologically sensitive lagoon system. An Environmental Risk Assessment for Jacarepaguá lagoon was carried out integrating three Lines of Evidence (LoE): (i) Water Quality LoE; (ii) Ecotoxicological LoE; (iii) Ecological LoE to estimate an Environmental Risk Index (EnvRI) for this area. Surface water samples were collected during four bimonthly campaigns at five JPAL sampling points as well as an upstream reference area. The Water Quality LoE based on physicochemical parameters was used to estimate the Water Quality Risk Index (WQRI); the Ecotoxicological LoE based on two chronic ecotoxicity bioassays was used to estimate the Ecotoxicological Risk Index (EcotoxRI); and the Ecological LoE based on the richness and the abundance of phytoplankton taxa was used to estimate the Ecological Risk Index (EcoRI). The final EnvRI was then estimated by integrating these three Risk Indices. The WQRI (0.79 ± 0.07), as well as the EcotoxRI (0.80 ± 0.21), and the EcoRI (0.78 ± 0.13), were all in the range classified as very high. The EnvRI for JPAL was consequently also very high (0.81 ± 0.12), which indicates urgent intervention. EnvRI combined with high concentrations of organic compounds directly affected the diversity of phytoplankton species; however, it was observed that the high content of phytoplankton biomass also represents a part of the organic matter in question. The final goal was achieved: a feasible risk assessment tool available for comparison of different aquatic ecosystems, to facilitate decision making establishing priorities of investments under a limited resources scenario.
确定不同城市泻湖所面临的环境风险水平，能够提供有关这些生态系统环境退化相对严重程度的重要概况，提高风险可见度，这可作为确定投资优先级的重要决策工具。雅卡雷帕古阿泻湖（JPAL）是巴西东南部里约热内卢市一个由四个相互连接的泻湖组成的沿海泻湖系统的一部分。房地产投机和卫生基础设施不足导致未经处理的污水排入这个生态敏感的泻湖系统。对雅卡雷帕古阿泻湖进行了环境风险评估，整合了三条证据线（LoE）：（i）水质证据线；（ii）生态毒理学证据线；（iii）生态证据线，以估算该地区的环境风险指数（EnvRI）。在四个双月监测期内，在雅卡雷帕古阿泻湖的五个采样点以及一个上游参考区域采集了地表水样本。基于物理化学参数的水质证据线用于估算水质风险指数（WQRI）；基于两种慢性生态毒性生物测定的生态毒理学证据线用于估算生态毒理学风险指数（EcotoxRI）；基于浮游植物类群丰富度和丰度的生态证据线用于估算生态风险指数（EcoRI）。然后通过整合这三个风险指数来估算最终的EnvRI。WQRI（0.79±0.07）、EcotoxRI（0.80±0.21）和EcoRI（0.78±0.13）均处于分类为非常高的范围内。因此，雅卡雷帕古阿泻湖的EnvRI也非常高（0.81±0.12），这表明需要紧急干预。EnvRI与高浓度有机化合物相结合直接影响了浮游植物物种的多样性；然而，观察到浮游植物生物量的高含量也代表了相关有机物质的一部分。最终目标得以实现：获得了一种可行的风险评估工具，可用于比较不同的水生生态系统，以便在资源有限的情况下为决策制定投资优先级提供便利。
