Servin-Uribe Rogelio I, Castilla-Ramírez Paloma, Ramírez Iza F Pérez, Jiménez Jara Pérez, Reynoso-Camacho Rosalía
Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Qro., 76010, México.
Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, Madrid, 28040, Spain.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2025 Jan 17;80(1):37. doi: 10.1007/s11130-024-01278-4.
Grape pomace (GP) is a by-product rich in phytochemicals, including extractable polyphenols (EPPs) and non-extractable polyphenols (NEPPs), which have distinct metabolic fates that may affect their biological activities. The benefits of GP have been reported in relation to obesity and its comorbidities, particularly when administered preventively focusing on EPPs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EPPs and NEPPs from GP as a treatment for obesity and its associated metabolic alterations. A previous comprehensive characterization of the selected GP revealed the most relevant individual compounds in the EPPs fraction (malvidin hexoside, (-)-epicatechin, quercetin, and procyanidin dimer B2 isomer II), as well as in the NEPPs fraction (hydroxybenzoic acid isomers I-II). The experiment was performed in obese rats with insulin resistance, treated for 8 weeks with EPPs or NEPPs grape pomace fractions (100 mg/kg). After the intervention, the HFFD + EPP group showed a significantly lower weight gain (9.6%) and body mass index (9.7%) compared to the HFFD group. While liver triglyceride levels were only significantly reduced in the HFFD + NEPP group (47%) compared to the HFFD group. Neither treatment resulted in a reduction of insulin resistance. Therefore, the supplementation with grape pomace phenolic fractions to an animal model of obesity exerted differential beneficial effects on body weight and liver lipid accumulation, overall contributing to an amelioration of some the metabolic alterations present in obesity, although not to aspects such as glycemic homeostasis.
葡萄渣（GP）是一种富含植物化学物质的副产品，包括可提取多酚（EPPs）和不可提取多酚（NEPPs），它们具有不同的代谢命运，这可能会影响其生物活性。GP在肥胖及其合并症方面的益处已有报道，特别是在预防性给药时关注EPPs。因此，本研究的目的是调查GP中的EPPs和NEPPs作为肥胖及其相关代谢改变治疗方法的效果。先前对所选GP的全面表征揭示了EPPs部分（锦葵色素己糖苷、（-）-表儿茶素、槲皮素和原花青素二聚体B2异构体II）以及NEPPs部分（羟基苯甲酸异构体I-II）中最相关的单一化合物。该实验在患有胰岛素抵抗的肥胖大鼠中进行，用EPPs或NEPPs葡萄渣部分（100mg/kg）治疗8周。干预后，与高脂高糖饮食（HFFD）组相比，HFFD + EPP组的体重增加（9.6%）和体重指数（9.7%）显著降低。而与HFFD组相比，只有HFFD + NEPP组的肝脏甘油三酯水平显著降低（47%）。两种治疗均未导致胰岛素抵抗的降低。因此，向肥胖动物模型补充葡萄渣酚类部分对体重和肝脏脂质积累产生了不同的有益影响，总体上有助于改善肥胖中存在的一些代谢改变，尽管对血糖稳态等方面没有作用。
