Miller Jonathan L, Niewiesk Stefan
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
Virology. 2025 Feb;603:110395. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2025.110395. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in elderly individuals are associated with increased rates of severe clinical disease and mortality compared to younger adults. Age-associated declines in numerous innate and adaptive immune parameters during RSV infection contribute to infection susceptibility, impaired viral clearance, and distorted cytokine profiles in the elderly. Impaired immune responses in this age group also adversely affect longevity of RSV immunity following vaccination in experimental settings. This review summarizes the effects of aging on cellular immune responses to RSV in humans and animal models, molecular mechanisms for these impaired responses where they have been elucidated, and the clinical consequences of impaired immunity in the elderly.
与年轻成年人相比，老年人感染呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）后出现严重临床疾病和死亡的几率更高。在RSV感染期间，众多先天性和适应性免疫参数随年龄增长而下降，这导致老年人易受感染、病毒清除受损以及细胞因子谱异常。在实验环境中，该年龄组免疫反应受损也会对RSV疫苗接种后的免疫持久性产生不利影响。本综述总结了衰老对人类和动物模型中RSV细胞免疫反应的影响、已阐明的这些受损反应的分子机制，以及老年人免疫受损的临床后果。
