Hua Maofeng, Liu Shuifu, Zhou Lei, Bünzli Jean-Claude, Wu Mingmei
Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Membrane Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082 P. R. China
College of Materials, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China.
Chem Sci. 2025 Jan 10;16(5):2089-2104. doi: 10.1039/d4sc06605g. eCollection 2025 Jan 29.
The exploitation and utilization of resources in marine environments have ignited a demand for advanced illumination and optical communication technologies. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), heralded as "green lighting sources", offer a compelling solution to the technical challenges of marine exploration due to their inherent advantages. Among the myriad of LED technologies, phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) have emerged as frontrunners in marine applications. At the heart of pc-LEDs lie phosphor materials, colour-converters that orchestrate the emission of light. In the marine environment, blue-green light with a wavelength of 440-570 nm exhibits the deepest penetration depth, while other wavelengths are rapidly attenuated in the shallow layer. Additionally, specific wavelengths of light are crucial for particular applications. However, the moist marine environment as well as the demand for continuous and stable lighting pose a formidable challenge to the environmental stability of the phosphors. Therefore, developing blue-green phosphors with exceptional colour purity and high thermal and moisture stability is paramount for marine applications. Herein, this review delves into the application of LED and pc-LED technology in underwater optical communication and marine fishery, exploring the development strategies of phosphors tailored for the marine environment. The insights presented serve as a valuable reference for further research on phosphors and pc-LED devices.
海洋环境中资源的开发和利用引发了对先进照明和光通信技术的需求。发光二极管（LED）被誉为“绿色光源”，因其固有优势为海洋探索的技术挑战提供了极具吸引力的解决方案。在众多LED技术中，磷光转换发光二极管（pc-LED）已成为海洋应用的领跑者。pc-LED的核心是磷光材料，即协调光发射的颜色转换器。在海洋环境中，波长为440-570nm的蓝绿光具有最深的穿透深度，而其他波长在浅层中迅速衰减。此外，特定波长的光对特定应用至关重要。然而，潮湿的海洋环境以及对持续稳定照明的需求对磷光体的环境稳定性构成了巨大挑战。因此，开发具有优异色纯度和高热湿稳定性的蓝绿磷光体对于海洋应用至关重要。在此，本综述深入探讨了LED和pc-LED技术在水下光通信和海洋渔业中的应用，探索了针对海洋环境定制的磷光体的发展策略。所提供的见解为磷光体和pc-LED器件的进一步研究提供了有价值的参考。
