Roy Ujjawal, Panwar Ajay, Srivastava Achal Kumar, Cartwright Michael S
Department of Neurology, Pulse Superspeciality Hospital, Ranchi, India.
Department of Neurology, Rotary Ambala Cancer and General Hospital, Ambala, India.
Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2025 Jan 17;15:3. doi: 10.5334/tohm.966. eCollection 2025.
Despite efforts to visualize all the movements of tongue and oropharynx in individuals with focal movement disorders (specifically tardive dyskinesia (TD)), clinicians can miss the complete picture and additional tools may be required to reach an accurate diagnosis.
We present three cases with TD where ultrasound assisted in diagnoses. These individuals had difficulty swallowing and abnormal sensations in the tongue, which remained undiagnosed until we performed ultrasound of oropharynx which allowed for characterization of these movements.
Ultrasound is an ideal modality for imaging the tongue and oropharynx in TD. Further research should include large case series and standardized protocols for evaluation of these disorders.
尽管已努力观察患有局灶性运动障碍（特别是迟发性运动障碍（TD））患者舌头和口咽的所有运动，但临床医生仍可能无法全面了解情况，可能需要额外的工具才能做出准确诊断。
我们介绍三例经超声辅助诊断为TD的病例。这些患者吞咽困难且舌头有异常感觉，在我们对口咽进行超声检查以明确这些运动特征之前，一直未得到诊断。
超声是对TD患者舌头和口咽进行成像的理想方式。进一步的研究应包括大型病例系列以及评估这些疾病的标准化方案。
