Pessin Léa, Pojman Elena Maria
Center for Research in Economics and Statistics (CREST), ENSAE Paris, Paris, France.
Department of Sociology and Criminology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
J Marriage Fam. 2025 Feb;87(1):322-345. doi: 10.1111/jomf.13020. Epub 2024 Jul 7.
This article builds on work-family scholarship to document racial-ethnic variation in couples' work-family arrangements, i.e., how couples respond to their work and family demands.
Existing research on the division of labor finds traditional gender norms continue to dictate how couples share paid and unpaid work in the United States. Yet, this narrative relies primarily on the structural conditions and cultural expectations of white and middle-class women. Black and Hispanic women and men face different labor market opportunities and hold different cultural expectations about gendered responsibilities in families.
The authors use the 2017-2019 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu) and multi-group latent-class analysis to determine typical work-family arrangements for paid work, housework, and care work among U.S. different-sex racially homogamous Black, Hispanic, and white couples, as well as how the prevalence of these arrangements vary across race-ethnicity and life-course stage.
Black, Hispanic, and white couples respond to their work-family demands through one of six work-family arrangements depending on how partners spend time in adult care, childcare, housework, and paid work. Childcare and paid work emerge as stratifying mechanisms of how couples spend their time. Specifically, racial-ethnic differences in distribution across work-family arrangement are large and greatest when couples have young children.
This article provides support for a couple-level and life-course approach to explaining how couples spend their time in work and family domains across racial-ethnic lines.
本文以工作-家庭领域的学术研究为基础，记录不同种族和族裔的夫妻在工作-家庭安排上的差异，即夫妻如何应对工作和家庭需求。
现有的关于劳动力分工的研究发现，传统的性别规范在美国仍然主导着夫妻如何分担有偿和无偿工作。然而，这种说法主要依赖于白人和中产阶级女性的结构条件和文化期望。黑人和西班牙裔的女性和男性面临不同的劳动力市场机会，并且对家庭中性别角色的责任有着不同的文化期望。
作者使用2017 - 2019年收入动态面板研究（https://psidonline.isr.umich.edu）和多群体潜在类别分析，来确定美国不同种族同质性的异性黑人、西班牙裔和白人夫妻在有偿工作、家务和照料工作方面典型的工作-家庭安排，以及这些安排的普遍性如何因种族-族裔和人生阶段而异。
黑人、西班牙裔和白人夫妻通过六种工作-家庭安排之一来应对他们的工作-家庭需求，这取决于伴侣在成人照料、儿童照料、家务和有偿工作上如何分配时间。儿童照料和有偿工作成为夫妻分配时间的分层机制。具体而言，当夫妻有年幼子女时，不同种族-族裔在工作-家庭安排上的分布差异很大且最为显著。
本文为从夫妻层面和人生历程的角度来解释不同种族-族裔的夫妻如何在工作和家庭领域分配时间提供了支持。
