Afshari Elahe, Derakhshan Roya, Chaichian Shahla, Saadat Mostafavi Seyed Reza, Ghafourian Noroozi Shima, Rokhgireh Samaneh, Mehdizadehkashi Abolfazl, Sabet Babak, Khandan Mohanna
Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Artificial Intelligence, Smart University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Reprod Infertil. 2024 Jul-Sep;25(3):219-223. doi: 10.18502/jri.v25i3.17016.
Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder which causes dysmenorrhea and infertility. Early diagnosis of endometriosis can help prevent the necessity for invasive diagnostic procedures. Medical imaging has been widely utilized to diagnose various diseases without the need for invasive procedures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cervical length in women with endometriosis.
In this case-control study, the case group consisted of nulliparous women with endometriosis, while the control group comprised nulliparous women without endometriosis. A total of 42 individuals were included in each group. Cervical length was measured using transvaginal ultrasound from the external os to the internal os. The patients in the case group underwent laparoscopy to confirm the diagnosis. Pearson chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were employed to compare categorical variables with a p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
In both groups, there were no notable variations in any of the demographic characteristics. However, the severity of dysmenorrhea was significantly different between the two groups (p=0.01). The average diameter of the mediolateral cervix (29.48±6.2 and 27.14±3.8) was statistically significant between the patient group and control group, respectively (p=0.04). The mediolateral width may have a positive predictive effect on the presence of endometriosis, while cervical length appears to have a protective effect against endometriosis.
Demographic data do not predict endometriosis. This study suggests that mediolateral width in transvaginal sonography can serve as a minimally invasive diagnostic tool for endometriosis, showing correlation with endometriosis symptoms like dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia.
子宫内膜异位症是一种导致痛经和不孕的妇科疾病。子宫内膜异位症的早期诊断有助于避免进行侵入性诊断程序的必要性。医学影像已被广泛用于诊断各种疾病而无需进行侵入性操作。本研究的目的是调查子宫内膜异位症女性的宫颈长度。
在这项病例对照研究中，病例组由未生育的子宫内膜异位症女性组成，而对照组由未生育的无子宫内膜异位症女性组成。每组共纳入42名个体。使用经阴道超声从宫颈外口测量至宫颈内口来测量宫颈长度。病例组患者接受腹腔镜检查以确诊。采用Pearson卡方检验和Fisher精确检验来比较分类变量，p<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
两组在任何人口统计学特征方面均无显著差异。然而，两组之间痛经的严重程度有显著差异（p=0.01）。病例组和对照组之间宫颈中外侧的平均直径分别具有统计学意义（29.48±6.2和27.14±3.8）（p=0.04）。宫颈中外侧宽度可能对子宫内膜异位症的存在有阳性预测作用，而宫颈长度似乎对子宫内膜异位症有保护作用。
人口统计学数据不能预测子宫内膜异位症。本研究表明，经阴道超声检查中的宫颈中外侧宽度可作为子宫内膜异位症的一种微创诊断工具，与痛经和性交困难等子宫内膜异位症症状相关。
