Hosein Hosein I, Abosria Khaled, Rouby Sherin R, El-Nahass El-Shaymaa, Zin Eldin Asmaa L A, Ewies Samar S, Abdel-Moneim Ahmed S
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Jan 21;57(2):29. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04275-0.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) continues to pose a significant threat in Egypt, necessitating thorough analyses of FMD virus (FMDV) outbreaks. This study analyzed 144 suspected FMD cases across 52 animal collections during the years 2017-2018 and 2022. Recurrent FMD outbreaks in vaccinated dairy cattle were investigated. Clinical observation, postmortem examination, and histopathological analysis were conducted. Samples were subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using group-specific in addition to serotype-specific primers, along with direct gene sequencing of the VP1 gene from positive samples, followed by phylogenetic analysis. Signs, postmortem and histopathological lesions consistent with FMD were found. Molecular identification confirmed the presence of serotype A (G-IV topotype), O (O/EA3 topotype), and serotype SAT2 (SAT2/VII/Lib-03 topotype). All detected topotypes were distinct from currently available vaccine strains. Variations in amino acid in the epitopes of the structural protein VP1 were detected. The study highlights the genetic and antigenic variability of FMDV strains circulating in Egypt, indicating potential challenges for vaccine effectiveness.
口蹄疫（FMD）在埃及仍然构成重大威胁，因此有必要对口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）疫情进行全面分析。本研究分析了2017 - 2018年和2022年期间52个动物养殖场的144例疑似口蹄疫病例。对已接种疫苗的奶牛中反复出现的口蹄疫疫情进行了调查。进行了临床观察、尸体剖检和组织病理学分析。除了使用血清型特异性引物外，还使用组特异性引物对样本进行逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR），并对阳性样本的VP1基因进行直接基因测序，随后进行系统发育分析。发现了与口蹄疫一致的症状、尸体剖检和组织病理学病变。分子鉴定证实存在A型（G-IV拓扑型）、O型（O/EA3拓扑型）和SAT2型（SAT2/VII/Lib-03拓扑型）血清型。所有检测到的拓扑型均与目前可用的疫苗株不同。检测到结构蛋白VP1表位中的氨基酸变异。该研究突出了埃及流行的口蹄疫病毒株的遗传和抗原变异性，表明疫苗有效性面临潜在挑战。
