Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2018 Aug;65(4):1009-1023. doi: 10.1111/tbed.12834. Epub 2018 Feb 18.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Bangladesh, and the implementation of a control programme for this disease is at an early stage, according to the FAO- and OIE-proposed Progressive Control Pathway for FMD (PCP-FMD) Roadmap. To develop an effective control programme, understanding of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes, even subtypes within the serotypes is essential. The present investigation aims at viral VP1 coding region sequence-based analysis of FMD samples collected from 34 FMD outbreaks during 2012-2016 in Bangladesh. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O was responsible for 82% of the outbreaks in Bangladesh, showing its dominance over serotype A and Asia1. The VP1 phylogeny revealed the emergence of two novel sublineages of serotype O, named as Ind2001BD1 and Ind2001BD2, within the Ind2001 lineage along with the circulation of Ind2001d sublineage in Bangladesh, which was further supported by the multidimensional scaling with distinct clusters for each sublineage. The novel sublineages had evident genetic variability with other established sublineages within Ind2001 lineage. Ten mutations with three or more amino acid variations were detected within B-C loop, G-H loop and C-terminal region of the VP1 protein of FMDV serotype O viruses isolated exclusively from Bangladesh. Furthermore, two amino acid substitutions at positions 197 and 198 within the VP1 C-terminal region are unique to the novel sublineages. The existence of widespread genetic variations among circulatory FMDV serotype O viruses makes the FMD control programme complex in Bangladesh. Adequate epidemiological data, disease reporting, animal movement control, appropriate vaccination and above all stringent policies of the government are necessary to combat FMD in Bangladesh.
口蹄疫（FMD）在孟加拉国流行，根据粮农组织和世界动物卫生组织（OIE）提出的口蹄疫（FMD）渐进控制路径（PCP-FMD）路线图，该国的口蹄疫控制计划仍处于早期阶段。为了制定有效的控制计划，对口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）血清型，甚至是血清型内的亚型的了解至关重要。本研究旨在对口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）VP1 编码区序列进行分析，所用样本来自 2012-2016 年期间孟加拉国 34 次口蹄疫疫情。结果显示，在孟加拉国，O 型口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）导致了 82%的疫情，其优势明显高于 A 型和亚洲 1 型。VP1 系统进化树显示，在 Ind2001 谱系内出现了两种新型 O 型亚谱系，命名为 Ind2001BD1 和 Ind2001BD2，同时在孟加拉国还存在 Ind2001d 亚谱系的循环，多维尺度分析也显示出每个亚谱系之间的明显聚类。新型亚谱系与 Ind2001 谱系内其他已建立的亚谱系相比具有明显的遗传变异性。在从孟加拉国分离的 O 型 FMDV 病毒的 VP1 蛋白 B-C 环、G-H 环和 C 末端区域检测到 10 个具有三个或更多氨基酸变异的突变。此外，在 VP1 C 末端区域的 197 和 198 位氨基酸取代是新型亚谱系所特有的。在循环的 O 型 FMDV 病毒中存在广泛的遗传变异，这使得孟加拉国的口蹄疫控制计划变得复杂。为了在孟加拉国抗击口蹄疫，需要充分的流行病学数据、疾病报告、动物移动控制、适当的疫苗接种，最重要的是政府的严格政策。
