Chen Jun, Jia Shaohui, Xue Xinxuan, Guo Chenggeng, Dong Kunwei
School of Graduate of Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
School of Sports Medicine of Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jan 6;15:1476908. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1476908. eCollection 2024.
The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) is a key pattern recognition receptor in the innate immune system. Its overactivation leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, which contribute to the development and progression of various diseases. In recent years, evidence has shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Variations in the function and composition of gut microbiota can directly or indirectly influence NLRP3 inflammasome activation by influencing bacterial components and gut microbiota metabolites. Additionally, exercise has been shown to effectively reduce NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation while promoting beneficial changes in gut microbiota. This suggests that gut microbiota may play a key role in mediating the effects of exercise on NLRP3 inflammasome regulation. This review explores the impact of exercise on gut microbiota and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and examines the mechanisms through which gut microbiota mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise, providing new avenues for research.
含吡啶结构域的NOD样受体家族成员3（NLRP3）是先天免疫系统中的关键模式识别受体。其过度激活会导致促炎细胞因子如白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-18（IL-18）的产生，这些细胞因子会促进各种疾病的发生和发展。近年来，有证据表明肠道微生物群在调节NLRP3炎性小体的激活中起重要作用。肠道微生物群功能和组成的变化可通过影响细菌成分和肠道微生物群代谢产物直接或间接影响NLRP3炎性小体的激活。此外，运动已被证明能有效减少NLRP3炎性小体的过度激活，同时促进肠道微生物群的有益变化。这表明肠道微生物群可能在介导运动对NLRP3炎性小体调节的作用中起关键作用。本综述探讨了运动对肠道微生物群和NLRP3炎性小体激活的影响，并研究了肠道微生物群介导运动抗炎作用的机制，为研究提供了新的途径。
