A framework for coordinating energy prosumers through multi-energy sharing and carbon responsibility sharing.

In the emerging energy-sharing market, prosumers enhance resource allocation and promote low-carbon transitions through energy trade. Implicit carbon transfers in energy sharing necessitate scientific carbon responsibility allocation to guide prosumers' decisions in integrated electricity, heat, and carbon markets. To coordinate growing multi-prosumers, and stimulate multi-energy sharing and equitable carbon responsibility allocation, an innovative framework for joint multi-energy and carbon responsibility sharing is designed to enhance local energy transaction, carbon emission management, and mutual benefits under the guiding principles of individual rationality, low-carbon orientation, transparency, and scalability. Supported by the proposed mapping rules and tailored algorithms, multi-energy and carbon responsibilities are efficiently shared among multi-stakeholders. Numerical analysis confirms the model's effectiveness in improving economic and environmental outcomes, promoting low-carbon energy use, and prioritizing low-carbon participants. This research shifts prosumer development modes from individualization to group collaboration, advancing energy systems toward shared carbon responsibilities across supply and demand sides.