Wang Shuai, Zhang Tao, Li Dongming, Cao Xueyuan
Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2025 Jan 22. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000957.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with smoking being a significant risk factor. Understanding the temporal and spatial patterns of the CRC burden attributable to smoking is crucial for global public health strategies. Data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 were used to calculate the number of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) per 100 000 population, and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate (ASDR). The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated from 1990 to 2021 to analyze disease burden trends. Frontier analysis was conducted to assess efficiency, and predictions were made for the next decade. In 2021, the global death toll and DALYs attributable to smoking were 47 613 and 1 235 667, respectively. From 1990 to 2021, the absolute number of deaths and DALYs increased, while ASMR (AAPC: -1.20) and ASDR (AAPC: -1.22) showed a significant decline. The disease burden was notably higher in males than females. Analysis by the Social Development Index revealed that more developed regions had a higher burden than less developed areas. China ranked first in the number of deaths and DALYs, while Greenland had the highest ASMR and ASDR. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized burden of CRC attributable to smoking decreased globally. However, the absolute burden remains a significant public health challenge, requiring sustained and targeted interventions.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症相关死亡的第三大主要原因，吸烟是一个重要的风险因素。了解归因于吸烟的结直肠癌负担的时空模式对于全球公共卫生战略至关重要。来自《2021年全球疾病、伤害和风险因素负担研究》（GBD）的数据用于计算死亡人数、伤残调整生命年（DALY）、每10万人口的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）以及年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率（ASDR）。计算了1990年至2021年的年均百分比变化（AAPC）以分析疾病负担趋势。进行前沿分析以评估效率，并对未来十年进行预测。2021年，归因于吸烟的全球死亡人数和伤残调整生命年分别为47613人和1235667人。从1990年到2021年，死亡人数和伤残调整生命年的绝对数量增加，而年龄标准化死亡率（AAPC：-1.20）和年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率（AAPC：-1.22）则显著下降。男性的疾病负担明显高于女性。按社会发展指数分析表明，较发达地区的负担高于欠发达地区。中国在死亡人数和伤残调整生命年数量方面排名第一，而格陵兰的年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率最高。从1990年到2021年，全球归因于吸烟的结直肠癌年龄标准化负担有所下降。然而，绝对负担仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战，需要持续和有针对性的干预措施。
