Lokaj-Berisha Violeta, Gacaferri Lumezi Besa
Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Prishtina "Hasan Prishtina", Bulevardi I Deshmoreve P.N., Prishtina, Kosovo.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 21;15(1):2667. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85762-0.
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are common respiratory conditions with complex etiologies involving genetic, environmental, and physiological factors. In these conditions, the role of thyroid function remains underexplored. This study enrolled 116 participants with a mean age of 29.55 years: 66 with allergic rhinitis, 20 with concomitant asthma, and 30 healthy controls. BMI and serum IgE, T3, T4, and TSH levels were measured. A significant familial history of atopy was reported by 66.4% of participants. Skin prick tests revealed predominant sensitivity to house dust mites (55.2%). BMI was within normal ranges across all groups, serum IgE levels were significantly elevated in patients with respiratory allergies compared to controls (Mean = 36.85 IU/mL), especially those with allergic rhinitis and concomitant asthma (Mean = 218 IU/mL). Significant differences in serum T4 levels were observed, particularly among those with allergic rhinitis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant associations between age, BMI, and thyroid hormones, with notable sex-specific differences (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). The study highlights the complex interplay between metabolic, endocrine, and immune responses in respiratory allergies. Elevated serum IgE levels and alterations in thyroid function, particularly among males, suggest potential pathways for targeted therapeutic interventions. Further research is needed to elucidate these relationships and their underlying mechanisms.
变应性鼻炎和哮喘是常见的呼吸道疾病，其病因复杂，涉及遗传、环境和生理因素。在这些疾病中，甲状腺功能的作用仍未得到充分研究。本研究纳入了116名平均年龄为29.55岁的参与者：66名变应性鼻炎患者、20名合并哮喘患者和30名健康对照者。测量了体重指数（BMI）以及血清免疫球蛋白E（IgE）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平。66.4%的参与者报告有明显的特应性家族史。皮肤点刺试验显示对屋尘螨的敏感性占主导（55.2%）。所有组的BMI均在正常范围内，与对照组相比，呼吸道过敏患者的血清IgE水平显著升高（平均值=36.85IU/mL），尤其是变应性鼻炎合并哮喘患者（平均值=218IU/mL）。观察到血清T4水平存在显著差异，尤其是在变应性鼻炎患者中（p<0.001和p<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示年龄、BMI与甲状腺激素之间存在显著关联，且存在明显的性别差异（p<0.05和p<0.01）。该研究强调了呼吸道过敏中代谢、内分泌和免疫反应之间的复杂相互作用。血清IgE水平升高以及甲状腺功能改变，尤其是在男性中，提示了靶向治疗干预的潜在途径。需要进一步研究以阐明这些关系及其潜在机制。
