Waitek Maurice, Weisshaar Elke
Sektion Berufsdermatologie, Zentrum Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Voßstr. 2, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2025 Feb;76(2):57-63. doi: 10.1007/s00105-024-05456-y. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
The prevalence of psychological disorders in the general population and, therefore, in dermatological and allergological patients continues to increase. Psychodermatology as a branch of dermatology is also becoming ever more relevant in occupational dermatology. Psychological comorbidities and cofactors like depression and anxiety disorders or stress are increasingly important, which must be considered regarding diagnostics and therapy selection. Especially stress is becoming recognized as a possible aggravating factor. There have been numerous studies on selected clinical diseases like atopic dermatitis (AD) regarding the psychological influence on the disease in recent years, but for hand eczema (HE), especially occupational HE, there is hardly any data, especially on psychological comorbidities and cofactors regarding causality. Stress seems to play an increasingly important role in the work environment of patients and their private lives. This article provides an overview of psychological cofactors and comorbidities in occupational dermatoses. The current literature and our own observations and experiences in an occupational dermatology center are taken into account.
普通人群中心理障碍的患病率不断上升，因此皮肤科和变态反应科患者中的患病率也在持续增加。心理皮肤病学作为皮肤科的一个分支，在职业皮肤病学中也变得越来越重要。心理合并症和诸如抑郁、焦虑症或压力等辅助因素越来越重要，在诊断和治疗选择时必须予以考虑。尤其是压力已被公认为是一个可能的加重因素。近年来，针对特应性皮炎（AD）等特定临床疾病，已有大量关于心理因素对疾病影响的研究，但对于手部湿疹（HE），尤其是职业性手部湿疹，几乎没有任何数据，特别是关于因果关系方面的心理合并症和辅助因素的数据。压力似乎在患者的工作环境及其私人生活中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文概述了职业性皮肤病中的心理辅助因素和合并症。文中考虑了当前的文献以及我们在职业皮肤病学中心的观察和经验。
