Choi Yoonjoo, Kim Naeun, Oh Jin-Kyoung, Choi Yoon-Jung, Park Bohyun, Kim Byungmi
Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2025;47:e2025003. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2025003. Epub 2025 Jan 15.
Gender is a major determinant of health behaviors that influences cancer prevention awareness and practices. This study investigated the relationship of the awareness and practice rates of cancer prevention recommendations with gender and socioeconomic status.
We used data from the Korean National Cancer Prevention Awareness and Practice Survey (2023). The sample included 4,000 men and women aged 20-74 years. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to evaluate associations with the awareness and practices of cancer prevention, and a joinpoint regression analysis using age-standardized rates to analyze trends in awareness and practice rates from 2007 to 2023.
The awareness rates were 79.4% and 81.2% for men and women, respectively. The overall practice rates were substantially lower (43.1% for men and 48.9% for women). For men, awareness rates did not differ significantly by socio-demographic characteristics, but practice rates increased with age (20-29: 15.9%; 60-74: 53.8%). For women, both awareness (20-29: 73.0%; 60-74: 85.7%) and practice (20-29: 16.8%; 60-74: 67.5%) rates increased with age. The easiest recommendations to follow were "reducing salt intake and avoiding burnt or charred foods" (men: 29.9%; women: 28.4%), whereas the most difficult recommendation was "engaging in regular physical activity" (men: 32.5%; women: 34.4%).
While awareness of cancer prevention recommendations was high, the practice of these recommendations was low. Gender influenced changes in awareness and practice rates over time, reflecting a large gap in practice. Future research should explore appropriate intervention points for cancer prevention practices and the development of more effective cancer prevention policies.
性别是影响癌症预防意识和行为的健康行为的主要决定因素。本研究调查了癌症预防建议的知晓率和实践率与性别及社会经济地位之间的关系。
我们使用了韩国全国癌症预防意识与实践调查（2023年）的数据。样本包括4000名年龄在20 - 74岁的男性和女性。我们进行了多项逻辑回归分析，以评估与癌症预防意识和实践的关联，并使用年龄标准化率进行连接点回归分析，以分析2007年至2023年知晓率和实践率的趋势。
男性和女性的知晓率分别为79.4%和81.2%。总体实践率则大幅较低（男性为43.1%，女性为48.9%）。对于男性，知晓率在社会人口学特征方面无显著差异，但实践率随年龄增长而增加（20 - 29岁：15.9%；60 - 74岁：53.8%）。对于女性，知晓率（20 - 29岁：73.0%；60 - 74岁：85.7%）和实践率（20 - 29岁：16.8%；60 - 74岁：67.5%）均随年龄增长而增加。最容易遵循的建议是“减少盐摄入并避免食用烧焦或碳化食物”（男性：29.9%；女性：28.4%），而最困难的建议是“进行定期体育活动”（男性：32.5%；女性：34.4%）。
虽然对癌症预防建议的知晓率较高，但这些建议的实践率较低。性别影响了知晓率和实践率随时间的变化，反映出实践方面存在较大差距。未来的研究应探索癌症预防实践的合适干预点以及制定更有效的癌症预防政策。
