2022年埃塞俄比亚农村地区孕妇和哺乳期妇女对多种微量营养素补充剂（MMS）的接受情况以及铁和叶酸补充剂的使用情况：一项横断面研究

Acceptance of multiple micronutrient supplementations (MMS) and iron and folic acid supplement utilisation among pregnant and lactating women in the rural part of Ethiopia, 2022: a cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Abebe Finina, Kidanemariam Yordanos Tadesse, Tsegaw Menen, Birhanu Zewdie, Abdi Ahmednasir, Chitekwe Stanley, Sharma Rachana, Getachew Hiwot, Noor Ramadhani, Aden Asli Hassan, Chuko Tesfaye, Dejene Tariku, Dawd Ahmed Mohammed

机构信息

Ethiopian Health Education and Promotion Professionals Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Addis Ababa University, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2025 Jan 21;15(1):e081359. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081359.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081359

PMID:39842926

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11784323/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the acceptance of multiple micronutrient supplements and current iron and folic acid supplement utilisation among pregnant and lactating women in rural Ethiopia.

DESIGN

Community-based cross-sectional study using a mixed method.

SETTING

This study was carried out in five regions (Oromia, Gambela, Sidama, SNNPR (Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region) and Somali) of Ethiopia, 2022. A multistage random sampling technique was employed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 410 pregnant and lactating women. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants for the five Focused Group Discussions and fifteen Key Informant Interviews. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted with a p value<0.05, and a 95% CI was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data were coded and analysed thematically.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 410 pregnant and lactating women.

RESULTS

The overall level of iron-folic acid utilisation was 59.3%. The odds of using iron-folic acid among pregnant and lactating women in the Sidama region are significantly lower compared with Oromia (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.12, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.38). Lactating women have significantly lower odds of using iron-folic acid compared with pregnant women (AOR=0.09, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.17). Taking medication or supplements significantly increases the odds of iron-folic acid use (AOR=2.41, 95% CI: 1.16, 4.95). Recommending a new nutrition supplement significantly increases the odds of iron-folic acid use (AOR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.21, 4.68).

CONCLUSIONS

The consumption of iron-folic acid supplements among pregnant and lactating women in Ethiopia is lower than in other studies. Factors associated with iron-folic acid utilisation include region, taking medication/supplements, recommending nutrition and being a lactating mother. To ensure accessibility, the product should be sold in all town shops, pharmacies and through home delivery. Additionally, a strategy should be developed to provide access to the product in each adjacent community centre. Awareness creation should be a priority for community members to avoid misconceptions about pregnancy-related supplements.

摘要

目的

评估埃塞俄比亚农村地区孕妇和哺乳期妇女对多种微量营养素补充剂的接受情况以及当前铁和叶酸补充剂的使用情况。

设计

采用混合方法的社区横断面研究。

背景

本研究于2022年在埃塞俄比亚的五个地区（奥罗米亚、甘贝拉、锡达马、南方各族州和索马里）开展。采用多阶段随机抽样技术。使用结构化问卷从410名孕妇和哺乳期妇女中收集数据。采用目的抽样技术选择参与者进行五次焦点小组讨论和十五次关键 informant访谈。进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，p值<0.05，95%置信区间被认为具有统计学意义。对定性数据进行编码并进行主题分析。

参与者

总共410名孕妇和哺乳期妇女。

结果

铁叶酸的总体使用水平为59.3%。与奥罗米亚地区相比，锡达马地区孕妇和哺乳期妇女使用铁叶酸的几率显著更低（调整后比值比（AOR）=0.12，95%置信区间：0.04，0.38）。与孕妇相比，哺乳期妇女使用铁叶酸的几率显著更低（AOR=0.09，95%置信区间：0.05，0.17）。服用药物或补充剂显著增加了使用铁叶酸的几率（AOR=2.41，95%置信区间：1.16，4.95）。推荐一种新的营养补充剂显著增加了使用铁叶酸的几率（AOR=2.38，95%置信区间：1.21，4.68）。

结论

埃塞俄比亚孕妇和哺乳期妇女中铁叶酸补充剂的消费量低于其他研究。与铁叶酸使用相关的因素包括地区、服用药物/补充剂、推荐营养以及为哺乳期母亲。为确保可及性，该产品应在所有城镇商店、药店销售并通过送货上门。此外，应制定一项战略，以便在每个相邻的社区中心提供该产品。提高认识应是社区成员的优先事项，以避免对与怀孕相关的补充剂产生误解。