Guye Ashenafi, Tefera Tewodros, Sileshi Million, Edriss Abdi-Khalil
Haramaya University, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Agricultural Economics and Agri-business, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
Hawassa University, Daye Campus, Department of Agribusiness and Value Chain Management, Daye, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 26;11(1):e41280. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41280. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
This study aimed to investigate the individual or combined impacts of multiple maize technology package adoption on the production efficiency and food security of smallholder farmers in the selected districts of Sidama region of Ethiopia. The cross-sectional data of 424 sample farmers owing 545 maize plots were collected using multistage sampling approaches. The selection-bias corrected multinomial endogenous switching regression (MESR) model was employed to assess the impact of improved maize seed, chemical fertilizers, and row planting adoption on the production efficiency and food security of smallholder maize-producing farmers. In the first stage of the MESR model, the multinomial logit was used to examine the determinants of adoption. The results of the model showed that a male household head, greater household size, land size, tropical livestock unit, oxen, several plots, extension contact, credit access, and membership in farmers-based organizations were significant factors affecting the adoption of improved maize seed, chemical fertilizer, and row planting. In addition, the results from the second stage impact estimation demonstrated that the adoption of maize technology packages, both individually and in combination, significantly impacts the production efficiency and food security of farming households. Moreover, the simultaneous adoption of two or more technology packages has a greater impact than it does in isolation. The highest technical, allocative, and economic efficiency and food consumption scores, which are 33 %, 37 %, 47 %, and 17, respectively, were achieved when farm households adopted all technology packages simultaneously, followed by the adopters of two packages in combination. Therefore, the policies and strategies aimed at increasing farmers' production efficiency and food security should address the important variables identified and promote wider adoption in combination to realize the utmost benefit.
本研究旨在调查采用多种玉米技术组合对埃塞俄比亚锡达马地区选定县小农户生产效率和粮食安全的个体或综合影响。采用多阶段抽样方法收集了拥有545块玉米地的424户样本农户的横断面数据。运用选择偏差校正多项内生转换回归（MESR）模型，评估改良玉米种子、化肥和条播种植的采用对小农户玉米生产效率和粮食安全的影响。在MESR模型的第一阶段，使用多项逻辑回归来检验采用的决定因素。模型结果表明，男性户主、家庭规模更大、土地面积、热带牲畜单位、牛、地块数量、推广接触、信贷获取以及加入农民组织是影响改良玉米种子、化肥和条播种植采用的重要因素。此外，第二阶段影响估计的结果表明，单独或组合采用玉米技术组合对农户的生产效率和粮食安全有显著影响。而且，同时采用两种或更多技术组合的影响比单独采用更大。当农户同时采用所有技术组合时，技术效率、配置效率、经济效率和粮食消费得分最高，分别为33%、37%、47%和17，其次是组合采用两种技术组合的农户。因此，旨在提高农民生产效率和粮食安全的政策和战略应关注已确定的重要变量，并促进更广泛的组合采用，以实现最大效益。
