Li Shuanglian, Mei Chenghao, Chen Sainan, Wang Chenglin, Gao Yelei, Ma Jinhua, Zhong Li, Luo Tingting, Zhao Xin, Bu Huaqin, Lyu Ying, Kuang Xiaohu, Jia Zhenxing, Wang Xiaoli, Wang Yuqing, Tian Daiyin
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity. Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Jan 7;15:1437616. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1437616. eCollection 2024.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe health problems in newborns and young children. The protective role and limitations of serum maternal RSV antibodies in infants under 3 months remain controversial.
A two-center prospective study from 2020 to 2023 recruited infants (n=286) admitted to the respiratory departments of two children's hospitals in southwestern and southeastern China during RSV epidemic. These infants were hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). We evaluated the relationship between serum RSV Prefusion (Pre-F), postfusion (Post-F) IgG levels, subtype neutralizing antibodies, and the incidence of RSV infection, as well as the relationship between these maternal antibodies and severity of disease. Since this prospective study only included data from RSV epidemic, we retrospectively reviewed medical records from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University for the years 2019 to 2023 (n=3467) to analyze population characteristics during both RSV epidemic and non-epidemic periods, using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria.
There were no significant differences in RSV Pre-F IgG, Post-F IgG, or RSV A or B neutralizing antibody levels between the RSV infected and non-infected groups during the epidemic. While RSV Pre-F IgG antibody was inversely correlated with disease severity, RSV Post-F IgG, and RSV A and B neutralizing antibodies did not show a similar correlation across the three illness severity categories. Additionally, there were no differences in age, gender, or illness severity distribution among hospitalized patients during epidemic and non-epidemic periods.
Serum maternal antibody levels offer insufficient protection against RSV-associated LRTI in hospitalized infants aged 28 to 90 days.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是导致新生儿和幼儿出现严重健康问题的主要原因。母亲血清中的RSV抗体对3个月以下婴儿的保护作用及局限性仍存在争议。
一项2020年至2023年的两中心前瞻性研究招募了在中国西南部和东南部两家儿童医院呼吸科住院的婴儿（n = 286），这些婴儿因呼吸道合胞病毒流行期间的下呼吸道感染（LRTI）入院。我们评估了血清RSV融合前（Pre - F）、融合后（Post - F）IgG水平、亚型中和抗体与RSV感染发生率之间的关系，以及这些母体抗体与疾病严重程度之间的关系。由于这项前瞻性研究仅包括呼吸道合胞病毒流行期间的数据，我们回顾性分析了重庆医科大学附属儿童医院2019年至2023年（n = 3467）的病历，以分析呼吸道合胞病毒流行期和非流行期的人群特征，采用相同的纳入和排除标准。
在流行期间，RSV感染组和未感染组之间的RSV Pre - F IgG、Post - F IgG或RSV A或B中和抗体水平无显著差异。虽然RSV Pre - F IgG抗体与疾病严重程度呈负相关，但RSV Post - F IgG以及RSV A和B中和抗体在三种疾病严重程度类别中未显示出类似的相关性。此外，在流行期和非流行期住院患者的年龄、性别或疾病严重程度分布方面没有差异。
母亲血清抗体水平对28至90日龄住院婴儿的RSV相关下呼吸道感染提供的保护不足。
