Maci Tiziana, Santagati Mario, Razza Grazia, Petralia Maria Cristina, Massimino Simona, Rinella Sergio, Perciavalle Vincenzo
Department of Mental Health, Alzheimer Psychogeriatric Center, ASP3 Catania, 95127 Catania, Italy.
Department of Mental Health, Departmental Module CT2, ASP3 Catania, 95127 Catania, Italy.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 Jan 16;10(1):35. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10010035.
Time estimation was investigated in 24 healthy adults, including 12 women and 12 men, before and after an exhaustive exercise. : We compared the ability of estimating time intervals in the range 1 to 5 s using tasks requiring mental counting and tasks that did not allow it. Time estimation and blood lactate levels were evaluated before and at the end of the exercise. : We found that the perception of time intervals between 1 and 5 s was affected at the end of the exercise. The observed effects, associated with a significant increase in blood lactate levels, were different in the two types of time estimation used in the present study. When participants had to evaluate the duration of the time interval using mental counting, a significant reduction in the overestimation of time made at rest was observed at the end of exercise. On the other hand, when participants had to assess the difference in duration between two events without the possibility of mental counting, a significant deterioration in performance was observed at the end of the exercise. In both cases, no differences were seen between genders. : It could be hypothesized that an increase in blood lactate, acting as a type of physiological arousal, could contribute to the distortion of perceived time intervals. On the other hand, it does not yet seem possible to propose a model to explain the worsening of the perception of time when mental counting is not possible.
在24名健康成年人（包括12名女性和12名男性）进行力竭运动前后，对时间估计进行了研究。我们比较了使用需要心算的任务和不允许心算的任务来估计1至5秒时间间隔的能力。在运动前和运动结束时评估时间估计和血乳酸水平。我们发现，在运动结束时，1至5秒时间间隔的感知受到了影响。观察到的与血乳酸水平显著升高相关的效应，在本研究中使用的两种时间估计类型中有所不同。当参与者必须用心算来评估时间间隔的持续时间时，在运动结束时观察到休息时对时间的高估有显著降低。另一方面，当参与者必须在无法心算的情况下评估两个事件之间的持续时间差异时，在运动结束时观察到表现显著恶化。在这两种情况下，性别之间均未观察到差异。可以推测，作为一种生理唤醒形式的血乳酸增加，可能导致感知时间间隔的扭曲。另一方面，似乎还无法提出一个模型来解释在无法心算时时间感知恶化的情况。
