Obied Basel, Saar Galit, Richard Stephen, Rotenstreich Ygal, Sher Ifat, Zahavi Alon, Goldenberg-Cohen Nitza
The Krieger Eye Research Laboratory, Bruce and Ruth Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Bruce and Ruth Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa 3525433, Israel.
Methods Protoc. 2025 Jan 2;8(1):1. doi: 10.3390/mps8010001.
Cobalt is a trace element, crucial for red blood cell formation and neurological function. Cobalt toxicity is often only diagnosed after severe manifestations, including visual impairment. We aimed to investigate whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can effectively detect cobalt-induced ocular toxicity in a murine model. Five wild-type mice (WT, C57Bl6) received daily intraperitoneal cobalt chloride injections for 28 days with a dosage of 12.5 mg/kg. Another 5 WT mice served as controls. After 28 days, all mice underwent manganese contrast-enhanced MRI and OCT examinations. Macroscopic and histological analysis of the enucleated eyes were performed. MRI revealed an increased signal in the optic nerves of injected mice. Anterion OCT provided in vivo visualization of the entire eye, demonstrating incipient cataract formation in the cobalt-injected mice. Both Spectralis domain OCT and Anterion, followed by histological analyses, confirmed preserved retinal structure with decreased thickness in the cobalt-injected group, with only minor neuronal damage and cell loss. Optic nerve analysis demonstrated myelin loss and increased inflammation with high levels of reactive gliosis. This study demonstrates optic neuropathy induced by cobalt toxicity, as shown by increased optic nerve signal on MRI without significant retinopathy. Anterion OCT showed incipient cataracts in the anterior segment.
钴是一种微量元素，对红细胞形成和神经功能至关重要。钴中毒往往在出现严重症状（包括视力损害）后才被诊断出来。我们旨在研究光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和磁共振成像（MRI）是否能在小鼠模型中有效检测钴诱导的眼部毒性。五只野生型小鼠（WT，C57Bl6）每天腹腔注射氯化钴，持续28天，剂量为12.5毫克/千克。另外五只野生型小鼠作为对照。28天后，所有小鼠均接受锰增强MRI和OCT检查。对摘除的眼睛进行宏观和组织学分析。MRI显示注射小鼠的视神经信号增强。Anterion OCT提供了整个眼睛的体内可视化，显示注射钴的小鼠出现早期白内障形成。光谱域OCT和Anterion，随后进行组织学分析，证实注射钴的组视网膜结构保存，但厚度减小，仅有轻微的神经元损伤和细胞丢失。视神经分析显示髓鞘丢失和炎症增加，伴有高水平的反应性胶质增生。本研究表明钴中毒可诱发视神经病变，MRI上视神经信号增强即表明了这一点，且无明显视网膜病变。Anterion OCT显示前段出现早期白内障。
