Liu Songhao, Yan Juan, Gao Mengyu, Yang Hongxia
Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China.
Biomed Eng Online. 2025 Jan 23;24(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12938-025-01337-0.
Recently, the incidence rate and mortality of various acute or chronic vascular occlusive diseases have increased yearly. As one of the most effective measures to treat them, vascular stents have been widely studied by researchers, and presently, the most commonly used is a drug-eluting stent, which reduces the process of rapid endothelialization because the drug is not selective. Fortunately, with the discovery and exploration of micro-nanostructures that can regulate cells selectively, reducing the incidence of "intravascular restenosis" and achieving rapid endothelialization simultaneously are possible through a special structure that cannot only improve endothelial cells (ECs), but also inhibit smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Therefore, this paper mainly introduces the preparation methods of micro-nanostructures used in the past, as well as the detection methods of EC and SMC. Then, the various functions of different dimensional structures for different cells are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the application of micro-nanostructure in future stent materials is summarized and proposed.
近年来，各种急慢性血管闭塞性疾病的发病率和死亡率逐年上升。作为治疗这些疾病最有效的措施之一，血管支架受到了研究人员的广泛研究，目前最常用的是药物洗脱支架，由于药物不具有选择性，其减少了快速内皮化的过程。幸运的是，随着可选择性调节细胞的微纳米结构的发现与探索，通过一种不仅能改善内皮细胞（ECs），还能抑制平滑肌细胞（SMCs）的特殊结构，降低“血管内再狭窄”的发生率并同时实现快速内皮化成为可能。因此，本文主要介绍了过去使用的微纳米结构的制备方法，以及内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞的检测方法。然后，总结并分析了不同维度结构对不同细胞的各种功能。最后，总结并提出了微纳米结构在未来支架材料中的应用。
